Genetic selection

Question 1

What is cross breeding?

Answer 1

breeding two separate breeds to create a new breed

Question 2

What is back breeding?

Answer 2

Back breeding is breeding out or in traits eg. Labrador crossed with a whippet and this labitt is bred with a Labrador to produce a lab with whippety characteristics.

Question 3

What is hybrid vigour?

Answer 3

This is extra performance above the (purebred) mid-parent mean

Question 4

What is pedigree selection

Answer 4

An index combining information on ancestors’ performance is usually called a pedigree index.

Question 5

What is a sib pair test?

Answer 5

A selection programme based on information from siblings

Question 6

Define inbreeding

Answer 6

“the mating of individuals more closely related than average for the population”

Question 7

What does inbreeding cause?

Answer 7

Decrease heterozygous geneotypes

Increase homozygous geneotypes

Question 8

What is this increase in unfavourable genes called?

Answer 8

Inbreeding depression

Question 9

What is the inbreeding coefficient?

Answer 9

The level of inbreeding in an individual is measured by the inbreeding coefficient, this is the PROBABILITY that both alleles at a single locus are identical by descent

Question 10

Name some inherited diseases of dogs

Answer 10

Blindness and joint deformaties E.g., German shepherds & Golden retrievers
Bleeding disorders E.g., English Springer Spaniel
Deafness in Dalmatian
Range of eye problems E.g., English Springer Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, Minature Schnauzer