Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 1

The process of artificially inserting DNA into bacterial cells, to mass produce a substance

Question 2

Why are bacterial cells used for genetic engineering?

Answer 2

As they are grown quickly, easily and at a low cost

Question 3

What is the 1st stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 3

The required gene is isolated then extracted from the chromosome in the source cell

Question 4

What is the 2nd stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 4

The required plasmid is extracted from the bacterial cell

Question 5

What is the 3rd stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 5

The plasmid is cut open using an enzyme

Question 6

What is the 4th stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 6

The required gene is inserted into the plasmid and sealed using an enzyme

Question 7

What is the 5th stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 7

The modified plasmid is inserted into a bacterial cell

Question 8

Name 2 substances that can be produced through genetic engineering

Answer 8

1. Human insulin

2. Human growth hormone