Genetic Engineering Flashcards
What is genetic engineering?
The process of artificially inserting DNA into bacterial cells, to mass produce a substance
Why are bacterial cells used for genetic engineering?
As they are grown quickly, easily and at a low cost
What is the 1st stage of genetic engineering?
The required gene is isolated then extracted from the chromosome in the source cell
What is the 2nd stage of genetic engineering?
The required plasmid is extracted from the bacterial cell
What is the 3rd stage of genetic engineering?
The plasmid is cut open using an enzyme
What is the 4th stage of genetic engineering?
The required gene is inserted into the plasmid and sealed using an enzyme
What is the 5th stage of genetic engineering?
The modified plasmid is inserted into a bacterial cell
Name 2 substances that can be produced through genetic engineering
- Human insulin
2. Human growth hormone