Genetic Engineering Flashcards

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1
Q

What is genetic engineering?

A

The process of artificially inserting DNA into bacterial cells, to mass produce a substance

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2
Q

Why are bacterial cells used for genetic engineering?

A

As they are grown quickly, easily and at a low cost

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3
Q

What is the 1st stage of genetic engineering?

A

The required gene is isolated then extracted from the chromosome in the source cell

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4
Q

What is the 2nd stage of genetic engineering?

A

The required plasmid is extracted from the bacterial cell

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5
Q

What is the 3rd stage of genetic engineering?

A

The plasmid is cut open using an enzyme

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6
Q

What is the 4th stage of genetic engineering?

A

The required gene is inserted into the plasmid and sealed using an enzyme

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7
Q

What is the 5th stage of genetic engineering?

A

The modified plasmid is inserted into a bacterial cell

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8
Q

Name 2 substances that can be produced through genetic engineering

A
  1. Human insulin

2. Human growth hormone

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