Genetic Engineering Flashcards

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1
Q

What do we call the transfer of DNA from one organism to another using biotechnology?

A

Genetic engineering

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2
Q

What do we call the organism (living thing) receiving the DNA by genetic engineering?

A

Genetically modified (GM)

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3
Q

What do we call the sequence of DNA that codes for one particular protein?

A

Gene

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4
Q

What do we call the combination of genes an organism has?

A

Genotype

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5
Q

What do we call the physical characteristics of an organism, controlled by the genotype?

A

Phenotype

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6
Q

Name the small, circular piece of DNA located in the cytoplasm of many bacteria.

A

Plasmid

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7
Q

What are used to cut out the desired gene from the DNA of the source chromosome?

A

Enzymes

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8
Q

1st stage of genetic engineering?

A

Identify the DNA that contains the required gene

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9
Q

After you have identified the DNA that contains the required gene, what next?

A

Cut out the required gene with an enzyme

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10
Q

After you have cut out the required gene with an enzyme, what next?

A

Extract the plasmid from the bacteria

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11
Q

After you have extracted the plasmid from the bacteria, what next?

A

Cut open plasmid with enzymes and insert the desired gene into the plasmid

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12
Q

After you have inserted the desired gene into the plasmid, what next?

A

Insert modified plasmid into a different bacterial cell

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13
Q

After you have inserted the modified plasmid back into the plasmid, what next?

A

The bacteria are multiplied

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