Genetic Engineering Flashcards
What is genetic engineering?
It is a process which involves changing the genes of an organism by introducing a gene from another orgasm to give a desired characteristic.
What does the helpfull trick Siir stand for?
1) Select the desired characteristic (e.g. insulin gene).
2) Isolate the gene responsible for the characteristic (using
enzymes).
3) Insert this gene into another organism (e.g. a bacterium). 4) Replication of the organism.
What are some advantages of genetic engineering?
• Organisms with desired features are produced rapidly.
• Less use of pesticides
• The amount (yield) of a product can be increased, making more food.
• Fruit/veg with longer shelf life
What are some dissadvantages of genetic engineering?
• Inserted genes may have unwanted side effects.
• Possible harm when GM crops are eaten by humans/other animals.
• Damage to food chains.
• GM animals/crops may breed with wild animals/plants thereby reducing biodiversity.
