genetic engineering

Question 1

definition of genetic engineering

Answer 1

the artificial transfer of genetic information from one donor cell or organism to another

Question 2

definition of genetically modified (GM)

Answer 2

genetically modified (GM) is a term used to describe a cell or organism that has had its genetic information altered, usually by adding a gene from another organism

Question 3

define host bacterial cell

Answer 3

a bacterial cell that receives genetic material from a source chromosome

Question 4

definition of modified plasmid

Answer 4

modified plasmid is bacterial plasmid into which required gene for a desirable characteristic has been inserted

Question 5

what is a source chromosome

Answer 5

a source chromosome is the chromosome from which the genetic material is obtained for transfer to another species

Question 6

give the term applied to the transfer of DNA artificially between cells

Answer 6

genetic engineering/genetic modification

Question 7

arrange the following steps in a genetic engineering process into the correct order
A-insert modified plasmid into the host cell
B-extract the required gene
C-insert required gene into bacterial plasmid
D-identify DNA of required gene on donor chromosome

Answer 7

D-identify DNA of required gene on donor chromosome
B-extract the required gene
C-insert required gene into bacterial plasmid
A-insert modified plasmid into host cell

Question 8

explain why bacteria are suitable organisms to use in genetic engineering

Answer 8

have plasmids that can be removed and have a donor genes added

Question 9

describe the processes that would be used to produce genetically engineered bacteria, after the required gene has been extracted from the source cell

Answer 9

plasmid is extracted from bacterial/bacteria cell (1)
(required) gene is inserted into plasmid (1)
(modified) plasmid inserted into bacterial/host cell (1)
Sealing gene into plasmid (1)