extra questions on production of new cells

Question 1

give the term applied to a group of similar cells that carry out the same function

Answer 1

tissue

Question 2

give one example of a tissue from each of the following organism

a) plant
b) human

Answer 2

a) mesophyll, epidermis, xylem, phoem

b) blood, muscle, nervous

Question 3

give the meaning of the term organ

Answer 3

a group of tissues working together

Question 4

Give one example of an organ from each of the following organisms

a) plant
b) human

Answer 4

a) leaf, stem, root, flower, fruit

b) brain, heart, kidney

Question 5

give the meaning of the term system

Answer 5

a group of organs working together

Question 6

name the two different human body system

Answer 6

nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, reproductive, skeletal

Question 7

give the term applied to replicated chromosome

Answer 7

diploid

Question 8

give the term applied to replicated chromosomes before they separate during mitosis

Answer 8

chromatids

Question 9

describe the role of the spindle fires during mitosis

Answer 9

attachment of chromatids; separation of chromatids

Question 10

explain what it is meant by the term ‘specialised’ as applied to cells

Answer 10

modified/developed for a specific function/differential

Question 11

give two properties of stem cells

Answer 11

can self-renew

Question 12

give two types of human cell which can be formed when a stem cell specialise

Answer 12

red blood cells?lymphocyte/phagocyte/neuron/muscle cell

Question 13

describe what happens to a chromosomes of a cell before mitosis takes place

Answer 13

their DNA and chromatids are formed

Question 14

explain the importance of maintaining the diploid chromosome complement following mitosis

Answer 14

so there daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell/have all the genetic information needed to carry out all their activities

Question 15

a stem cell has the potential to become different types of cells.
explain the meaning of this statement

Answer 15

they have the ability to differentiate and become specialised for a specif function

Question 16

describe a hierarchy of organisms in the human body

Answer 16

basic unit is the cell
similar cells from tissue
groups of tissues make up organs
organs working together make up systems

Question 17

describe the events of mitosis in a diploid body cell

Answer 17

chromosomes replicate to form pairs of chromatids
spindle forms
chromosome lines up on the equator of the spindle
pair of chromatids move apart

Question 18

explain the importance of mitosis to a multicellular organisms

Answer 18

provides new cells for growth of organism
provides new cells for repair of damaged parts
maintains the diploid chromosome complement

Question 19

describe the changes to a human stem cell that result in the production of a red blood cell