Genetic Diversity Flashcards
What is genetic diversity?
Number of different alleles of genes within a population.
What is population?
Group of organisms of the same species that occupy the same place at the same time.
What is genetic drift?
The change in allele frequency of a gene pool due to chance events.
What is allele frequency?
The proportion of individuals that have one copy of an allele.
What is gene flow?
Movement of genes from pone population to another.
What is a gene pool?
The collection of genes within an interbreeding population at a particular time.
What is genetic diversity increased and reduced by?
-Increased: mutation, gene flow.
-Decreased: Variety of alleles
What is bottlenecking?
Events which limit genetic variation in a population and results in founding populations that lead to genetic drift (e.g. cheetahs and northern elephant seals).
-Reduce alleles in a gene pool so smaller the bottle neck the bigger the effect on allele frequency.
What is genetic drift?
Variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population so more chance of disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce.
-Random process
