Genetic Control of Protein Structure

Question 1

Which traits are usually gain of function?

Answer 1

Dominant

Question 2

What are somatic mutations?

Answer 2

• Mutations that affect body cells/tissues
• Not inherited
  may still cause disease

Question 3

What are germ-line mutations?

Answer 3

• Inherited

- Progeny will have mutations in both somatic and germ-line cells

Question 4

Main difference between somatic and germ-line mutation

Answer 4

Inheritance of mutation

Question 5

Example of transition mutation

Answer 5

AT to GC. Purine to purine and pyrimidine to pyrimidine

Question 6

Example of transvehrsion mutation

Answer 6

CG to GC. Purine to pyridine and vice versa

Question 7

Missense mutation

Answer 7

Different amino acid is formed

Question 8

Nonsense mutation

Answer 8

Stop codon coded

Question 9

Neutral mutation

Answer 9

Changes to similar amino acid but no overall change in effect

Question 10

Silent mutation

Answer 10

Codes for same amino acid due to degenerate nature

Question 11

Frameshift

Answer 11

addition/deletion of non-multiple of 3 nucleotides. Shifts reading frame

Question 12

What chemical agent can cause addition/deletion mutations?

Answer 12

Ethidium bromide

Question 13

Which transmembrane protein is affected in cystic fibrosis?

Answer 13

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)