Genes and transcription Flashcards
1
Q
what is a gene
A
DNA sequences that determine polypeptides of proteins
2
Q
Gene: Structure and function
A
Gene organisation – split into exons (coding DNA) and introns (noncoding DNA)
3
Q
what is transcription?
A
process by which DNA is copied to messenger RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerases.
4
Q
why is transcription the first step in gene expression
A
information from a gene is used to make a protein
5
Q
where does transcription take place?
A
nucleus of the cells
mRNA exits the nucleus, where translation occurs
6
Q
describe rna polymerase
A
RNA polymerase – transcribes DNA to RNA
Using a DNA template, build a new RNA molecule through complementary base pairing
7
Q
in which direction that RNA strand run
A
RNA polymerase always build a new RNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction
8
Q
A
