Generalist 1 Lab Final Murphy Text

Question 1

Refocusing

Answer 1

Returning the client to a desired topic by gently inserting it into the conversation again.

Question 2

SOLER

Answer 2

S - sit squarely
O - open posture
L - lean forward
E - eye contact
R - relax

Question 3

What are themes?

Answer 3

Repeated sets of ideas and beliefs that impact a person’s life.

Ex. Loss, betrayal, oppression, injustice, hopelessness, and despair. Also, courage, persistence, survival, and resistance to oppression.

Question 4

What are patterns?

Answer 4

Repeated behaviors or reaction that may have a great impact on someone’s life.

Ex. Avoidance of intimacy, frequent anger outbursts, crying when anxious, addictions to substances or people, etc.

Question 5

What are Mirror Neurons?

Answer 5

Neurons that are activated by our own emotions or when observing another’s emotions that provide the biological basis for empathy.

Question 6

What is timing and why is it important?

Answer 6

Knowing what to ask, how much to ask, when to ask, and who to ask and being aware of clients’ comfort levels.

Question 7

What are 6 things we must keep in mind when setting goals?

Answer 7

1. collaboratively constructed and include desired outcomes
2. attainable with manageable steps
3. observable measures to determine progress
   4.includes the context in which new behavior will occur
4. constantly reviewed and revised.
5. validate progress

Question 8

What are short-term goals?

Answer 8

Can be achieved quickly; generally objectives in which to reach the long term goal.

Question 9

What is a long-term goal?

Answer 9

A larger goal achieved through the achievement of smaller objectives over a longer period of time.

Question 10

What are negative goals?

Answer 10

An outcome that entails the cessation of a specific behavior.

Question 11

What is a positive goal?

Answer 11

Positive things a client would like to work toward without taking something away.

Question 12

What are 4 common elements in evaluation?

Answer 12

1. a baseline of functioning to determine change
2. a way to measure progress
3. determined intervals of time to assess progress
4. follow-up evaluations to determine maintenance of change

Question 13

What are 6 considerations a clinician must think about when working with feelings?

Answer 13

1. Am I educated in the cultural norms for sharing emotions.
2. Do not explore too much too soon.
3. Notice if the client’s story deepens after expressing feelings or if the story remains surface level.
4. Acknowledge growth steps when a client expresses or identifies feelings.
5. Note your own reactions to client feelings and reflect on their various sources.
6. Discuss with supervisor any lingering or troublesome feelings about that.

Question 14

What is transference?

Answer 14

When a client unconsciously places feelings they have toward someone else onto the clinician.

Question 15

What is countertransference?

Answer 15

When the clinician unconsciously sees the client as representative of an important figure from the past and behaves toward the client as though the client were that person.

Question 16

What 4 things must be considered in the use of touch?

Answer 16

1. Cultural beliefs and preferences.
2. The clinical theoretical orientation.
3. Possible traumas experienced by clients.
4. Should be well thought out in advance and discussed with supervisor if being used for a clinical purpose.

Question 17

What are 8 considerations when using self-disclosure?

Answer 17

1. Why am I considering self-disclosure?
2. Why am I using self-disclosure now?
3. Is this in the client’s best interest?
4. Could I accomplish the same goal without it?
5. What are the potential effects on the client?
6. How might this help/hurt the client/clinician relationship?
7. Am I sharing to meet my own needs at the expense of the client?
8. How will I feel if the client shares this with others?

Question 18

What is self- disclosure?

Answer 18

Refers to the clinician’s sharing of demographic information or personal experience with the client.

Question 19

What are the 6 ways you can evaluate the effects of self-disclosure?

Answer 19

Through self reflection of the following:
1. How did the client make sense of what I shared?
2. Did the client have feelings/reaction to what I shared?
3. Are there any signs the disclosure is effecting the therapeutic relationship?
4. Did the disclosure have the intended effect?
5. Have I asked the client what it was like for them to have me disclose?
6. If I had to do it again, would I disclose in the same way, change the way in which I disclosed, or not disclose at all?

Question 20

What are the 5 characteristics of crisis intervention?

Answer 20

1. It is immediate.
2. It is brief.
3. It is specifically focused.
4. May require more frequent meetings and include varying durations.
5. May involve more clinician activity and direction than usual.

Question 21

What is the purpose of informed consent?

Answer 21

To inform clients of the risks/benefits of interventions before implemented and alternative approaches.

Question 22

Why is informed consent given?

Answer 22

To protect the right of clients to self-determination. Provides clients an opportunity to ask questions?

Question 23

What 3 functions does informed consent serve?

Answer 23

1. It empowers people to make wise decisions based on given information.
2. It encourages conversation about realistic goals and ways to meet them.
3. To protect clients as well as clinicians.

Question 24

What does confidentiality intend to do?

Answer 24

Ensure the privacy of client-clinician communication and help clients feel confident sharing intimate, sensitive, or shameful details in a safe space.

Question 25

In what 3 circumstances must confidentiality be broken?

Answer 25

In order to “prevent serious, foreseeable, and imminent harm to a client or other identifiable person.”
1. The client is at risk of harming the self or other.
2. Children might be a risk of abuse or neglect.
3. The abuse of elderly or disabled people is possible.

Question 26

Who must be informed in Duty to Warn?

Answer 26

Appropriate authorities and the individual who is being threatened by a dangerous client.

Question 27

What are the 7 phases of Sue and Sue’s Descriptive Model of White Race Identity?

Answer 27

1. Naïveté phase
2. Conformity phase
3. Dissonance phase
4. Resistance and Immersion phase
5. Introspective phase
6. Integrative Awareness phase
7. Commitment to Antiracist Action phase

Question 28

What is the Naïveté Phase?

Answer 28

Between 3-5 a child begins to associate positive ethnocentric meanings to their own group and negative ones to others despite being unaware of race. They are bombarded with misinformation, and develop a sense of superiority in the concept of Whiteness and inferiority of all other groups.

Question 29

What is the Conformity Phase?

Answer 29

The White person’s attitudes and beliefs are very ethnocentric and has minimal awareness of the self as a racial being. With limited knowledge of of other racial or ethnic groups and relies on social stereotypes as the main source of information. With a “colorblind” approach, believes “we should treat everyone the same. Minorities would not encounter problems if they would assimilate and acculturate, value education, or work harder.”

Question 30

What is the Dissonance Phase?

Answer 30

The White person is forced to deal with the inconsistencies of denial of racism and the evidence regarding the existence of racism. The individual comes face to face with his or her own prejudices and biased behaviors. Such a realization may result in feelings of guilt, shame, depression, or anger. The person may rationalize a lack of action “I’m only one person-what can I do?” Or ma feel a push to challenge racism.

Question 31

What is the Resistance and Immersion Phase?

Answer 31

The White person sees racism everywhere, begins to challenge his or her own racism, and becomes aware of White privilege. The person may even experience racial self-hatred. A White liberal syndrome may develop and be manifested in two complementary styles: the paternalistic protector role, or, over identification with another minority role. The person eventually realizes that neither is appreciated by minority groups and experiences rejection. The person may then go back into the protected confines of White culture (conformity phase), re-experience conflict (dissonance) or move directly to the introspective phase.

Question 32

What is the Introspective Phase?

Answer 32

This phase is most likely a compromise between the naive unconditional acceptance of White identity and a rejection of Whiteness. It involves introspection and a reformist definition of what it means to be White. The person no longer denies that he or she has participated in oppression and benefited from privilege. They are less motivated by guilt and defensiveness about their Whiteness and are actively engaged in personal search for a deeper understanding and meaning as a White person in this society. May experience some angst due to the realization that they will never fully understand “minority experience” and a separation from their own Euro-American group.

Question 33

What is the Integrative Awareness Phase?

Answer 33

Characterized as: (a) understanding the self as a racial/cultural being, (b) being aware of sociopolitical influences regarding racism, (c) appreciating racial/cultural diversity, and (d) becoming more committed to eradicating oppression. The formal action ofan activist White Euro-American identity emerges and becomes internalized. These individuals have a strong inner sense of security even though they are a minority among their White peers.

Question 34

What is the Commitment to Antiracist Action Phase?

Answer 34

There is likely to be a change in behavior for and increased commitment to eradicating oppression. Seeing “wrong” and actively working to “right” requires moral fortitude. The person objects to racist jokes, tries to educate family, friends, and coworkers about racial issues; and takes direct action to eradicate racism in schools, workplaces, and in social policy. To maintain a non-racist identity it requires Whites to become increasingly immunized to social pressures for conformance and to begin forming alliances with Persons of Color and other liberal Whites.

Question 35

What 3 risks are associated with multiple relationships?

Answer 35

1. Harm to clients.
2. Exploitation of clients.
3. May impair the professional’s judgement.

Question 36

What are 3 ways multiple relationships occur?

Answer 36

1. When the clinician has more than 1 professional relationship with the client.
2. When there is both a professional and personal relationship with a client.
3. When clients and clinicians socialize together.

Question 37

What is anticipatory empathy?

Answer 37

Empathy is the ability to immerse oneself in another’s experience and to imagine the feelings of that person in that situation. Anticipatory empathy is developed through the collection of information prior to an initial meeting to help the clinician start developing empathy from the beginning of the relationship.

Question 38

What are some considerations and impacts of the physical therapy session?

Answer 38

-offices should be private, soundproof and free of interruptions
-comfortable personal space, furniture arranged reflecting equality and respect
-office decor should be soothing, appropriate to clients and reflect cultures of those being served
-try to experience what the office is like from the clients perspective
-meeting within the home can give more insight into family situation