General Study guide Flashcards
What does it mean to be super connected?
To connected to so many others in so many ways with a wide range of social implications.
Why should we assume not everyone enjoys the super connected status?
-Because not all parts of the world have the correct broadband infrastructure, or money for computers.
Definition of ‘World Wide Web”
A system of hyperlinked pages and documents that exist on the internet.
Definition of ‘Internet’
Huge network consisting of many smaller networks and operations including the web.
Digital Media
Information if digitized, countless bits of data are represented and stored by computers as digits, zeros and ones.
Analog Media
Communicated face to face without computerized mediation.
How strongly should we distinguish between terms such as online and offline?
Online and offline are generally experienced in combination with one another, they are enmeshed.
Technology
Is the process or technique of making something that allowed human beings to share their knowledge, perform a task, or fulfill a function.
Science
primarily directed toward the discovery of knowledge for its own sake, while technology represents a deployment of knowledge to get something done.
Technological Determinism
Technology that is designed and invented and built by people are are continually shaped by people as well, by the collective actions by all those who uses technology.
Technological Determinism, agency
While structure can constrain agency, it is through the actions cumulatively taken and the decisions cumulatively made by people in a culture that structures are built in the first place and then change over time.
Social Constructivism
Exploring how the invention and use of organizational dynamics.
Diffusion of Innovation theory
Whenever a new idea, technique, or technology and innovation is initiated by a creator or innovator, it begins to make its way through social networks.
Utopian Rhetoric of technology
Technology is seen as natural societal developments, as improvements to daily life, or as forces that will transform reality for the better.
Dystopian rhetoric of technology
Emphasize fears of loosing control, becoming dependent, and being unable to stop change. This can be a way for elite to control the masses.
What are Moral Panics in technology?
New media typically stir up fears of moral decline, these fears can lead to important policy decisions at personal, household, governmental, and design levels.
Affordances?
The capabilities configurations of technological qualities enable.
Domestication of Technology?
What once seemed marvelous and strange, capable of creating greatness and horror, is now so ordinary as to be invisible.
Prehistoric way of communicating to now
gestures, grunts, body language. Then words, Than writing, than technology external to the body, like old egyption technologies that recorded data.
What were key developments in computing technology that led to the Internet?
Computer hardware, software and programmable codes that would instruct computers what to do became increasingly sophisticated. Protocols for connecting computers together, network standards, and assigned domains began to spring up.
What role did commercial corporations and government agencies play in the development of the internet?
The Department of Defense Agency, where a computer in California was connected to a computer in Massachusetts through a dial-up phone line creating the first computer network.
How did the World Wide Web emerge from the early Internet?
In the early 90s web sites started to be developed. The WWW, Was created in early 90 to have a collection of documents that are linked together by a system called hypertext.
mobile ICT
Technologies that lets individuals move farther away and have a connection still is considered mobile, like roads, railroads, cars, planes, stone tablets, pen and ink, books and newspapers, transistor radios, handheld cameras.
Wireless ICT
When electronic waves were discovered. Radios, than television, GPS, Cellular, WIFI.
What does ‘Networked’ mean?
When they are connected or tied together such that they have some relationship to and influence oner one another.
How do contemporary social network sites (SNS) differ from those early networks?
These social sites were different from networks because their users could easily see and articulate lists and profiles of “friends” and “followers” these friends and followers were typically people that they already knew personally.
What is the “triple revolution” in ICT? How has it affected contemporary society?
Internet, Mobile communication, social media networking.
What are the “seven key concepts” that can help us to differentiate media both from each other and also from face to face communication?
interactivity, Temporal Structure of Communication, Social Cues, Storage, Replicability, Impossible, Mobility.
How have user profiles for digital media evolved since the 1980’s?
In 80s, scientists, and college students were using mostly, Than the U.S. Government, in 90s internet use spread to other countries.
What is a “sociomental” bond?
The connectedness is the interpersonal and relies on cognitive rather than physical activity for its creation and maintenance. (Like mobile phone, Watch, laptop, glasses.)
What’s wrong with using the term cyberspace to describe ICT and community?
Phenomena described as cyber can too easily be seen as less than real, their qualities and consequences seeming to derive more from their connection to computerization than from the behavior itself.
Disinhibited
Their inhibitions can be lowered and their can become a bit more outgoing or daring.
Hyper-personal
computer-mediated communication (CMC) can become hyperpersonal because it “exceeds [face-to-face] interaction,” thus affording message senders a host of communicative advantages over traditional face-to-face (FtF) interaction.
On-Demand Access
Access to goods or services with a click of a mouse or iphone
Sharing of products and extpertise
Commercialized Sharing
Collaborative Platforms
Connection of communities of interest and solve problems openly
Crowdfunding
Fundrasing online, like kickstarter or go-fund-me
Sharing Economy
Peer to Peer sharing of goods and services.