General Reactions Of Amino Acids Flashcards
(DEFINE) Transamination
A freely reversible reaction in which the a-amino group (a-NH3) of an amino acid is transferred to a keto group, leading to the formation of a new amino acid and a new keto group
What enzyme catalyses Transamination
Aminotransferases
() Deamination
Removal of an amino group from an amino acid in the form of ammonia with the formation of a new keto group
What are the two types of deamination
Oxidative and non-oxidative
Oxidative deamination occurs where
The mitochondria
Oxidative deamination is catalyzed by two groups of enzymes namely
Glutamate dehydrogenases
Amino acid oxidases
()Transdeamination
Transamination of glutamate to create a mechanism which converts a-NH2 groups of wide range amino acids to ammonia
__ is the only amino acid in mammalian tissue that undergoes oxidative deamination at an appreciable rate
Glutamate
Amino acid oxidases have _ as their prosthetic group
FAD
Amino transferases occur primarily in the _, _, _ and _
Liver, kidneys, heart and brain
What are the enzymes of nonoxidative deamination?
1) amino acid ammonia lyases
2) specific deaminases (amino acid dehydrases)// deaminate the hydroxyl amino acids
3) amino acid desulfhydrases
() Deamidation
Specific enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of the amide nitrogen of certain basic amino acids to form ammonia
()Decarboxylation
The removal of a-carboxyl group of the amino acids as CO2
Decarboxylation requires the co enzyme __
Pyridoxal phosphate
() Transamidation
An amide reacts with an amine to generate a new amide
