General Psychology Quiz 4 Chapters 10-12

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

the process by which activities are started,directed,and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met

Question 2

extrinsic

Answer 2

type of motivation in which a person preforms an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from or external to the person

Question 3

intrinsic

Answer 3

type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner

Question 4

instinct

Answer 4

the biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals

Question 5

need

Answer 5

a requirement of some material that is essential for survival of the organism

Question 6

drive

Answer 6

a psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension (needs lead to drive)

Question 7

incentive

Answer 7

things that attract or lure people into action, explains behavior when there is no drive or need

Question 8

insulin

Answer 8

hormone secreted by the pancreas to control the levels of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the body by reducing the level of glucose in the bloodstream

Question 9

glucagen

Answer 9

hormone that is secreted by the pancreas to control the levels of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the body by increasing the level of glucose in the bloodstream

Question 10

weight set point

Answer 10

the particular level of weight that the body tries to maintain

Question 11

basal metabolic rate

Answer 11

the rate at which the body burns energy when the organism is at rest

Question 12

primary

Answer 12

those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst

Question 13

acquired

Answer 13

drives learned through experience or conditioning (money,social approval)

Question 14

gender

Answer 14

the psychological aspects of being male or female

Question 15

gender roles

Answer 15

the cultures expectations for masculine or feminine behavior (attitudes,actions,personality traits associated with being male or female)

Question 16

gender identity

Answer 16

the individuals sense of being male or female

Question 17

androgyny

Answer 17

peoples whose personalities reflect the characteristics of both males and females (tend to be more flexible in everyday behavior and have more career choices)

Question 18

stress

Answer 18

a reaction

Question 19

stressor

Answer 19

an event

Question 20

eustress

Answer 20

optimal amount of stress to promote health and well-being, makes you preform at your best

Question 21

meditation

Answer 21

mental series of exercises meant to refocus attention and achieve a trance-like state of consciousness

Question 22

burnout

Answer 22

negative changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration

Question 23

pessimist

Answer 23

people who expect negative outcomes

Question 24

optimist

Answer 24

people who expect positive outcomes

Question 25

health psychology

Answer 25

area of psychology focusing on how physical activities, psychological traits, and social relationships affect overall health and rate of illness

Question 26

immune system

Answer 26

the system of cells, organs, and chemicals of the body that responds to attacks from disease, infections, and injuries

Question 27

escape

Answer 27

leaving the presence of a stressor, either literally or by a psychological withdrawal into fantasy, drug abuse, or apathy

Question 28

hassles

Answer 28

the daily annoyances of everyday life

Question 29

displaced aggression

Answer 29

taking out ones frustrations on some less threatening or more available target

Question 30

aggression

Answer 30

actions meant to harm or destroy

Question 31

frustrations

Answer 31

the psychological experience produced by the blocking of a desired goal or fulfillment of a perceived need

Question 32

pressure

Answer 32

the psychological experience produced by urgent demands or expectations for a persons behavior that come from an outside source

Question 33

catastrophe

Answer 33

an unpredictable, large-scale, event that creates a tremendous need to adapt and adjust as well as overwhelming feelings of threat

Question 34

distress

Answer 34

the effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors

Question 35

paraphilia

Answer 35

a sexual disorder in which the persons preferred method of sexual arousal and fulfillment is through sexual behavior that is unusual or socially unacceptable

Question 36

bisexual

Answer 36

person attracted to both men and women

Question 37

homosexual

Answer 37

person attracted to the same sex

Question 38

heterosexual

Answer 38

person attracted to the opposite sex

Question 39

resolution

Answer 39

the final phase of the sexual response in which the body is returned to a normal state

Question 40

orgasm

Answer 40

a series of rhythmic contractions of the muscles of the vaginal walls or the penis, also the third and shortest phase of sexual response

Question 41

sexism

Answer 41

prejudice about males and or females leading to unequal treatment

Question 42

gender stereotype

Answer 42

a concept held about a person or group of people that is based on being male or female

Question 43

stereotype

Answer 43

a set of characteristics that people believe is shared by all members of a particular social category

Question 44

hermaphroditism

Answer 44

the condition of possessing both male and female sexual organs

Question 45

estrogen

Answer 45

female hormone

Question 46

androgen

Answer 46

male hormones

Question 47

leptin

Answer 47

a hormone that, when released into the bloodstream, signals the hypothalamus that the body has had enough food and reduces the appetite while increasing the feeling of being full

Question 48

emotion

Answer 48

the "feeling" aspect of consciousness, characterized by a certain physical arousal, a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world, and an inner awareness of feeling

Question 49

self-actualization

Answer 49

according to Maslow, the point that is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential

Question 50

homeostasis

Answer 50

the tendency of the body to maintain a steady state