General Points 9

Question 1

Which transplant is most susceptible to donor- recipient HLA mismatches?

Answer 1

Renal allograft

Question 2

Marker of papillary thyroid carcinoma recurrence

Answer 2

Thyroglobulin antibodies

Question 3

Patients with acute pancreatitis due to gallstones

Answer 3

Hot cholecystecomy

Question 4

Patients with obstructed biliary system due to stones

Answer 4

Early ERCP

Question 5

Patients with extensive necrosis where infection is suspected

Answer 5

FNA or culture

Question 6

Patients with infected necrosis

Answer 6

Radiological drainage or necrosectomy depending on local expertise

Question 7

Differentials for hyperamylasaemia

Answer 7

Acute pancreatitis
Pancreatic pseudocyst
Mesenteric infarct
Perforated viscus
Acute cholecystitis
Diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 8

Chances of stone passage according to size

Answer 8

1mm - 85%
2-4mm - 75%
5-7mm - 60%

Question 9

Management of renal + ureteric stones

Answer 9

Renal
<5mm + asymptomatic - watchful waiting
<10mm - ESWL
10-20mm - ESWL or ureteroscopy
>20mm + staghorn calculi - PCNL

Ureteric
<5mm - watchful waiting
5-10mm - ESWL
10-20mm - ureteroscopy

Question 10

Which heparin regime should the surgeon ask for prior to cross clamping an artery?

Answer 10

3,000 units of systemic heparin 3-5 minutes prior to cross clamping to help prevent further intra arterial thromboses
30,000 units is given prior to going on cardiopulmonary bypass