General Operations Knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

Regulation*

A

monitoring and enforcement of rules

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2
Q

Accreditation *

A

A volunteer process by which a non-government agency recognizes an organization that has achieved a set of standards.

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3
Q

Certification

A

A volunteer process by which a non-government agency recognizes an individual that has achieved a set of educational requirements and standards.

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4
Q

Licensure *

A

A mandatory process by which some states grant permission to an individual or an organization to engage in an occupation.

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5
Q

RCF

A

Relative centrifugal force, per CLSI centrifuge blood for 10-15 minutes at 1000-1200g to separate cellular and liquid phases.

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6
Q

RCF formula *

A

RCF = 1.118 8 10^-5 * radius * rpm^2

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7
Q

National standards for temperature

A

NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology.

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8
Q

Brightfield Microscopy

A

Most common light microscopy, Sample is illuminated from below and observed from above

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9
Q

Darkfield Microscopy

A

Used to improve contrast for unstained transparent specimens.

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10
Q

Electron Microscopy

A

Uses electrons to illuminate a specimen and create an enlarged image

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11
Q

Fluorescent Microscopy

A

Illuminates fluorescent molecules attached to the sample with high energy light causing them to emit light of a different lower frequency.

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12
Q

Phase Contrast Microscopy

A

The objective creates an artificial phase difference in the light passing through a transparent specimen to show differences in the refractive index as a difference in contrast.

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13
Q

Polarized Microscopy

A

Light from the bottom is transmitted through a thin section of specimen. Used for looking at crystals in urine.

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14
Q

Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

A

Used to create a 3D image by splitting beams of polarized light and recombining them into one.

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15
Q

Iris Diaphragm *

A

A rotating disc under the stage, used to vary the intensity and size of the cone of light that is projected onto the slide.

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16
Q

Condenser lens *

A

Focuses the light onto the specimen. It can be moved up or down.

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17
Q

English Units of Measurment

A

Inch, foot, pound, pint, quart

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18
Q

Metric Units of Measurement

A

Meter, gram, liter

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19
Q

International System of Units (SI)

A

Meter, Kilogram, second, Mole, kelvin, Ampere, candela

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20
Q

SI system prefixes *

A

femto, pico, nano, micro, milli, centi, deci, deka, hecto, kilo, mega, giga

21
Q

Celcius formula *

A

Celcius = 5/9(F-32)

22
Q

Fahrenheit formula *

A

Fahrenheit = (9/5)C +32

23
Q

Kelvin formula *

A

Kelvin = C + 273

24
Q

What is the Ratio of 200/40?

25
1:1 dilution
1 part serum + 0 part diluent
26
1:4 dilution
1 part serum + 3 parts diluent
27
1:10 serial dilution *
1. Neat 2. 9 parts diluent to 1 part tube 1 (1/10) 3. 9 parts diluent to 1 part tube 2 (1/100) 4. 9 parts diluent to 1 part tube 3 (1/1000)
28
Molarity = *
Moles/liter 1 mole = gram molecular weight
29
Normality = *
Molarity * valence
30
Molality = *
moles of solute / kg of solvent
31
Hazardous Materials Regulations apply to: *
Any infectious material that the DOT (Department of Transportation) determines as capable of posing a risk to health, safety, and commerce when transported.
32
Category A Substance *
Capable of causing Life threatening or fatal disease in healthy humans or animals when exposure occurs.
33
Category B substance *
Not capable of causing Life threatening or fatal disease in healthy humans or animals. Includes infectious agents for diagnostic or research purposes.
34
Exempt Human Specimens
Specimens which have low likelihood of containing infectious agents, dried blood spots, Category B specimens transported via private courier dedicated to this transport.
35
Packaging hazardous substances for shipping Category B substances must include what 3 components? *
1. A leakproof primary container (tube) 2. Leakproof secondary container with absorbent materials 3. Rigid outer packaging at least 10x10cm in size
36
UN 2814 *
Category A infectious substance affecting humans
37
UN 2900 *
Category A infectious substance affecting animals
38
UN 3373*
Category B substance, Label as BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE, CATEGORY B
39
Concentrations of solutions
C1 V1 = C2 V2
40
Reflex testing
Performing an additional test on a specimen after an abnormal result
41
Specimen labeling
First and last name, unique number, date, time and initials of collector, and source. Labeling should occur in the presence of the patient.
42
Primary blood cells
RBC's (erythrocytes) WBC's (leukocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes)
43
What are platelets?
small fragments of specialized cells that aid in clotting
44
Serum collection
No anticoagulants in the tube. Blood is allowed to clot and spun. Serum contains albumin and globulin
45
Plasma collection
With anticoagulants, not clotted and then spun. Plasma contains albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen (the clotting component)
46
Light blue citrate tubes
Coagulation studies
47
Red top, no anticoagulant
Serum tests
48
Green top heparin tubes
Chemistry studies, Potassium, BMP, CMP, metabolic panels, cholesterol, triglyceride
49
Lavender top tube
Hematology studies, CBC, platelet count, hematocrits