General Notes

Question 1

Polanczyk et al (2015)

Answer 1

6.5% prevalence in CYP

Question 2

Copeland et al (2014)

Answer 2

ADs associated with impairments in health, finance, and interpersonal relationships in adulthood

Question 3

Beesdo-Baum et al (2012)

Answer 3

Chronic and persist into adulthood if left untreated

Question 4

McCrone et al (2008)

Answer 4

Cost of £billions, expected to rise much higher by 2026

Question 5

Comorbidity Citations

Answer 5

High comorbidity among ADs in young people (Leyfer et al., 2013) as well as mood disorders in adolescence (Essau, 2003)

Question 6

Evidence-based treatment, particularly from range of sophisticated studies such as longitudinal and RCTs (as well as meta-analyses and reviews) is the ‘gold-standard’ for psychological treatment

Answer 6

Creswell et al (2021)

Question 7

Clinical Outcomes of CBT

Answer 7

James et al (2013) CBT shows clear benefits over waitlist controls (~60% vs 17.5%) but studies cannot maintain control condition over long-term limiting conclusions about long-term benefits

High relapse rates also found (Ginsburg et al., 2018)

Question 8

La Greca et al (2009)

Answer 8

In usual care, therapist training and supervision less common than academic settings

Question 9

“Flexibility within fidelity”

Answer 9

Kendall et al (2008)

Question 10

Waite and Creswell (2014)

Answer 10

Adolescents much higher SAD prevalence, less SEP, when compared to pre-adolescents, also having more severe anxiety and more frequent comorbidity

Question 11

Access to Psychotherapy

Answer 11

Reardon et al (2020) community sample (7-11) showed 65% sought it in 6mo, 38% accessed, 15% specialist, only 2% evidence-based treatment