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Microbiology > General Microbiology > Flashcards

General Microbiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Babes Ernst granules

A

Metachromatic granules or volition granules. They are found in c. Diphtheria. They consist of RnA , poly phosphate and protein. They are stained by Albert stain, Nisser stain , ponder stain, loeffler stain.

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2
Q

Intracytoplasmic Inclusion bodies

A

They are storage units in bacteria.

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3
Q

All endotoxins are of lipopolysaccharide except

A

Those produced by B anthracis.

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4
Q

Boivin antigen

A

Lipopolysachharide of gram negative bacteria

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5
Q

Lag phase

A

Bacteria show maximum cell size during this period.

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6
Q

Log phase

A

There is exponential growth of bacteria

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7
Q

Stationary phase g

A

Nutrients are being used up and there is slow growth of bacteria. They start producing spores , exotoxins , granules and antibiotics.

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8
Q

Decline phase

A

Nutrients are all used up and bacteria start involuting and dying.

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9
Q

Obligate aerobes

A

Brucella
Bacillus cereus
Bordetella
Mycobacteria
Meningococci
Pseudomonas
Legionella

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10
Q

Facultative aerobes

A

Bacillus anthracis
Staphylococcus
Corynebacterium
E. coli
Shigella
Salmonella
Actinomycetes
Mycoplasma

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11
Q

What causes organisms to be obligate anaerobes

A

Lack of superoxide dismutase or catalase

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12
Q

Obligate anaerobic bacteria

A

Clostridium
Bacteroides

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13
Q

How do facultative aerobes survive without oxygen

A

Fermentation pathway

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14
Q

Microaerophilic bacteria

A

Streptococcus
Campylobacter
H pylori
Leptospirosis

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15
Q

Contents of gram staining

A

Crystal violet
Grams iodine- makes the acidic protoplasm of gram positive bacteria more acidic thus causing a strong fixation of basic dye
Ethanol - gram negative bacteria has a highly permeable cell wall allowing the outflow of complex during decolorisation.
Safranin

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16
Q

Gram positive organisms

A

Streptococcus
Staphylococcus
Cornybacterium
Peptostreptococcus
Enterococcus
Listeria
Lactobacillus
No cardio
Bacillus
Actinomycetes
Clostridium.

17
Q

Organisms showing bipolar staining or safety pin staining

A

Pseudomonas mallei
Pseudomonas pseudomallei
Y pestis
Vibrio parahemolyticus

18
Q

Temperatures for bacterial growth

A

Psychrophilic - below 20
Mesophilic - between 25- 40
Thermophilic - between 55- 80
Hyperthermophilic - above 75

19
Q

Episome

A

When plasmid dna is incorporated into the host cell

20
Q

Transformation

A

When a org takes up dna from the external environment

21
Q

Transduction

A

Movement of genetic material from one org to another using bacteriophage

22
Q

Conjugation

A

Using conjugation tube

23
Q

Composition of nutrients agar

A

Nutrients broth , agar 1%

24
Q

Loeffler serum slope

A

Horse serum , glucose and nutrient broth

25
Q

Deoxycholate citrate agar

A

Nutrients agar
Sodium deoxycholate
Sodium citrate
Neutral red
lactose

26
Q

Thiosulphate citrate bile salt sucrose

A

For vibrio cholera
Thiosulphate
Sucrose
Bile salt
Bromothymol blue
Thymol blue

27
Q

Selenite F broth

A

Sodium selenite
Peptone water

28
Q

Tetrathionate broth

A

Nutrient broth
Sodium Thiosulphate
Calcium carbonate
Iodine so,union

29
Q

CLED culture medium

A

It is similar to mac conkey medium.
It is used for urinary tract organisms.
It is preferred over mac conkey because it supports the growth of staphylococcus , streptococci and candidia

30
Q

Composition of cled media

A

C- casein peptone
Gelatin peptone
L - l cysteine
Lactose
Bromothymol blue
Beef extract
Agar

31
Q

How is RCM anaerobic

A

The unsaturated fatty acids, glutathione and casein use up the oxygen. It is heated at 80 to make it free of oxygen.

32
Q

Types of antibiotic sensitivity tests

A

Diffusion test - Kirby Bauer test
Stokes ethu
Dilute test - tube Dilution
Agar dilution
E test- combination

33
Q

Intepreta

A

Microbiology (5 decks)

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