General memorisation Flashcards
What are the differences in energy in various feeds (monogastric vs. ruminant)
Ruminant - roughages annual ryegrass has 8.7mj ME/kg and phalaris has 8.6 ME/kg. In comparison, linseed seeds, a concentrate have 18.8mj ME/kg.
what is vitamin A?
made from carotene - stored in the liver
- essential for eye health and protection of mucous membranes
Deficiency = poor resistance to infection
What is vitamin D?
Needed for bone formation
deficiency = bone deformations
Who is fed NPN?
Ruminants are fed NPN (e.g. urea) - synthesise microbial protein
Role of FSH in males
Stimulates production of spermatozoa in the testis
How does test. affect behaviour?
Test. = androgens, which affects the behavious of male animals
The specific genetic difference between animals (fertility) - between different animals and different breeds
Genetic differences = E.g. - sows produce two litters a year each of 11 piglets, while a ewe produces one or two offspring a year and a cow one
E.g. - Border Leicester have higher percentage of twins than other breeds such as Merino
What would overfeeding lead to in an animal?
dystocia (difficult birth)
What deficiency in vitamins causes problems in bulls
Deficiency of vitamin A prevents normal sperm formation in bulls and rams
How does day length affect different animals?
Pigs/ Cattle are polyoestrous (oestrous cycle recures throughout the year)
Sheep, goats and horses are seasonally polyoestrous (only breed burning particular months) - decreased daylight = less mating
name a disease that affects fertility in ewes and cows
Vibriosis - infertility and abortion in ewes and cows
Specifically, how does genotype effect postnatal birth
Beef cattle genetically grow faster and reach maturity faster than dairy cattle
What is a specific example of cross-breeding that yields benefits for farmers?
AMZ cattle are developed by crossing Red Sindhi cattle and Jersey cattle. Their genotype gives them characteristics such as tick resistance, heat tolerance, and high fertility.
