Disease & Pest triangle / IPM Flashcards
Outline the disease triangle for a plant pest
Pest: Cabbage white butterfly of Broccoli
Host: Broccoli plants
Pathogen: Cabbage white butterfly
Environment: high humidity environments
Outline an IPM for a plant pest
Pest: Cabbage white butterfly of Broccoli
Biological – Bacillus thurigeiensis – biological control (sprayed on leaves = kills pest)
Managerial – crucifer crop rotated with non-crucifer crop – break pest cycle
Physical – immediate removal and destruction of eggs/ effected leaves
Outline an animal disease triangle
Disease: Mastitis - bacterial disease that infects the udders (hot/ swollen utters)
Host: cattle utters
Pathogen: Mastitis
Environment: moist conditions, ungroomed cattle
Outline an IPM for an animal disease
Disease: Mastitis
Genetic - Selective breeding - cattle with higher utters
Managerial - regular paddock maintenance
Chemical - giving infected cattle antibiotics
Outline a disease triangle for an animal pest
Pest: Gastrointestinal parasites (round worms)
Pathogen: round-worms
Host: sheep, in the gut
Environment: pasture, ingesting the larval stage with pasture
Outline an IPM for an animal pest
Pest: Gastrointestinal parasites (roundworms)
Chemical - drenching (rotated so no build-up of resistance)
Managerial: rotating animals through paddocks can prevent larvae from being carried inside animal
Genetic - selective breeding - shows lower numbers of roundworm eggs when analyzing faeces - varieties with natural resistance
Outline the disease triangle for a plant disease
Disease: Potato leaf roll virus
Host: potatoes
Pathogen: potato leaf roll virus (Polerovirus)
Environment: warm, humid conditions (transmitted by aphids)
Outline an IPM for a plant disease
Disease: Potato leaf roll virus
Managerial - disrupt life cycle of pests = crop rotation, chilling in potato crops
Genetic - selective varieties that are the distance (e.g. Bollgard Cotton 3 [Bt cotton])
Chemical - insecticide; Dipel, round-up, etc.
