General Med Flashcards
What does PEFR stand for?
Peak exploratory flow rate
What does TILE stand for?
Task
Individual
Load
Environment
What is the normal Sp02 range for an adult?
94-98%
What does MFD stand for?
Medically fit to deploy
What form is used to request spectacles?
FMED 79
What does A, L, M, E stand for?
Air
Land
Marine
Environment
Where are vaccinations recorded?
DMICP
FMED 965
How should contaminated waste be destroyed?
Incinerated
Who should incidents within a medical facility be reported to?
MO
Med Sgt
Practice Manager
In what time frame should an accident be reported (not resulting in death)?
Within 48hrs of the incident
10 consecutive days
What does RIDDOR stand for?
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations
What is the normal body temperature range?
36-37.5
Composition of air.
78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.04% CO2
Inert gas and water vapour
Air we breathe out.
78% nitrogen
16% oxygen
4% CO2
Breathing rates Adult 5-12 2-5 1-2 0-12 months
12-20 20-25 25-30 25-35 30-40
Pulse rates Adult 5-11 2-5 1-2 <1
60-80 80-120 95-140 100-150 110-160
State four ways poisons can enter the body
Ingestion
Inhalation
Absorption
Injection
What percentage of fentanyl is absorbed in the oral mucosa?
25%
What are the 3 treatment aims for the mother in emergency childbirth?
Prevent trauma
Relive pain
Prevent infection
Indications for Nasogastric Intubation
Abdo surgery
Prior to surgery
Short term feeding
To remove toxic substances from stomach
Contra indication to NG Intubation
Long term feeding
Coagulation disorders
Severe mid face trauma
Recent nasal surgery
Indications for catheterisation
Fluid monitoring is essential Unable to pass urine Abdo/pelvic injury Head injury Post anaesthetic Unmanageable incontinence C-sPine
Contra indications for catheterisation
Major pelvic fractures
Urethral bleeding
List 5 treatments for burns
Cool for 10 mins Fluid Cover wound with strips of cling film High level 02 Treat for shock Pain relief Be prepared to insert airway
ET intubation complications
Going into R bronchus only Failed intubation Damage to teeth Hypoxia Spinal cord injury Laryngeal spasm Oesophageal intubation
Complications of needle thorococentesis
Infection
Local haemotoma
Pneumothorax
3 stages of asthma
Mild
Severe
Life-threatening
Mild asthma signs
Talking Resp rate <25 And Tachycardia <120 Medical history asthma Peak flow >50% predicted
Severe asthma signs
Respiratory wheeze No full sentence Resp rate increase >25 Tachycardia >120 Peak flow <50% predicted
CRAWL Can’t talk Resp rate And tachycardia Wheeze Low PEFR
Life-threatening asthma signs
SCRUB silent chest / loud wheeze Cyanosis Resp rate ^ Unconscious Bradycardia Exhaustion PEFR <33% predicted
What is the second stage of labour?
The full dilation of the cervix 10cm to birth of the baby
Types of burns
Dry Scald Radiation Chemical Electric
Paralysis of lower limbs
Paraplegia
Brain shaking is also called
Concussion
Spinal cord finishes at
2nd lumbar
Two types of seizures
Generalised
Partial
Status epilepticus is a seizure lasting longer than…
30 mins
Fluids is to be given with caution to
Head injury raised ICP
renal trauma
Cardiac failure
First stage of labour
Dilation of cervix 8-12hrs
A show, bloodstained mucus vagina discharge
Regular contractions 5-15mins intervals
Mother needs to be admitted when 10 mins apart
Water breaking is end of this stage
Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia
Rapid pulse Aggressive Pale/sweaty Thirst Seizures Confusion
Hypoglycaemia is low glucose how much?
<4mmols
What 3 things are tested in response in GCS
Motor
Eyes
Voice
Indications for Advanced Airway
Protect airway from obstruction
Control oxygenation and ventilation
Inability to clear airway using simple techniques
Indication for surgical cricothyroidotomy
Trauma burns to face and neck
Conscious casualty
Total upper airway obstruction
Complications of surgical airway
Damage to carotid artery Creation of a false passage into tissues Bleeding Asphyxia Aspiration of blood Laceration of trachea/ oesophagus
3 main food groups
Fast
Carbs
Proteins
Heat exhaustion occurs at what temp range
37.5-40+
Mild hypothermia is what temp range
32-35
Define primary blast injuries and state which organs would be affected
Injury by shockwave
Ears lungs sinuses
What stage of blast is caused by the person been thrown
Tertiary
Causes for unconsciousness
Fainting Infantile convulsion/ infection Shock Head injury Stroke Heart attack Asphyxia Poison Epilepsy Diabetes
Contra indications for entenox
Head injury
Chest injury
Psychotic conditions
The bends diving
Types of diabetes
T1 unable to produce insulin
T2 the body fails to use glucose properly
5 types of brain injury
Concussion Compression Contusion Laceration Herniation
Risks to airway
Immediate
Delayed
Insidious
Classes of Hypovalemia
Class 1
Upto 750ml
<15%
Class 2
750-1500ml
15-30%
Class 3
1500-2000ml
30-40%
Class 4
Upto 2000ml
>40%
Sizes of NPA
6 females 6.5 7 males 7.5 8
Sizes of OPA
0 babies 1 children 2 small adult 3 large adult 4 very large adult
Contra indications of OPA
Trismus
Conscious
Severe facial trauma
Contra indications for NPA
Severe nasal trauma
Nasal polyps
Oxygen therapy cylinder sizes CD D F HX
CD 470 l
D 340 l
F 1360 l
HX 2300 l
What is health?
A state of complete physical and mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease.
What is disease?
Disease is any state that is departure from positive health whatever that departure is physical or mental
