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CMT 1 Revision > Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

State the 3 components of the brain stem.

A

Mid brain
Pons varoli
Medulla oblongata

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2
Q

State the 3 layers of the brain. (Meninges)

A 
Dura mater (outside)
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater (inside)
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3
Q

What’s the components of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

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4
Q

5 functions of the skeleton

A 
Movement
Protection
Store minerals
Blood cell production 
Support
Storage of energy
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5
Q

Two types of bone

A

Spongy (cancellous)

compact (dense)

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6
Q

5 types of bone.

A 
Long 
Short
Flat
Irregular
Sesamoid
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7
Q

Different types of joints

A 
Hinge
Ball and socket
Condyloid
Gliding 
Saddle 
Pivot
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8
Q

Four characteristics of muscles

A

Elasticity
Excitability
Extensibility
Contractility

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9
Q

Water makes up how much of the body?

A

70% man

60% woman

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10
Q

Intracellular and extracellular fluid

A

70% intra

30% extra

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11
Q

Different types of tissue in the body.

A

Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscle

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12
Q

Types of simple epithelial tissue.

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Ciliated

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13
Q

Types of stratified epithelial tissue

A

Stratified squamous

Transitional

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14
Q

Types of muscle

A

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

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15
Q

Different systems.(9)

A 
Respiratory 
Cardiovascular 
Lymphatic 
Nervous
Digestive
Urinary
Skeletal 
Endocrine
Reproductive
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16
Q

Different cavities

A

Cranial (Cephalic)
Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

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17
Q

The head consists of…

The cranium consists of…

A

Head
Cranium, nasal cavity, oral cavity, eyes and orbits.
Cranium
Brain, cranial nerves, inner and middle ear, major blood vessels

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18
Q

Head bones.

A 
Parietal 
Sphenoid 
Ethmoid 
Temporal
Frontal
Occipital 
Maxilla (mouth)
Zygomatic (cheek)
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19
Q

Abdominal regions.

A

R hypochondrium Epigastic Lhypochon
R Lumbar Umbilical. L Lumbar
R Illiac Hypogastium. L Illiac

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20
Q

4 stages of digestion.

A

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination (excretion)

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21
Q

Alimentary Tract

A 
Mouth 
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Small intestine 
Large intestine 
Rectum 
Anus
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22
Q

Small intestine functions.

A

Breakdown carbs, fats and proteins

Absorption of nutrients

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23
Q

Function of large intestine, rectum and anus.

A

Absorption
Mass movement
Defacation

24
Q

Function of the liver.

A

Removes amino-acids and breaks down worn out cells producing urea.
Glucose to glycogen to store
Glycogen to glucose when sugar levels are low.
Breakdown fat
Storage of vitamin and iron

Synthesis of vit a
Synthesis of plasma proteins
Inactivation of drugs and hormones
Metabolise alcohol

25
Q

Function of pancreas

A

Production of pancreatic juices

Production of insulin

26
Q

Function of peritoneum

A

Prevents friction between organs.
Prevents infection
Stores fat, carries lymph tissue and blood vessels

27
Q

Spleen

A

12 cm long, 7cm wide 2.5 thick 200g

Functions
Produce new white blood cells
Store red blood cells
Destroy old RBC

28
Q

Kidneys

A

11cm 6cm 3cm thick
Filters blood to remove waste products
Regulates salts and water and electrolyte balance
Excretes urine
Production and secretion of hormone that stimulates formation of RBC

29
Q

Bladder.

Ureters

A

600ml capacity
Urge to urinate at 300/400ml

25-30cm long

30
Q

Vertebral column

A 
7 cervical 
12 thoracic 
5 lumbar
5 sacral 
4 coccygeal
31
Q

Upper limbs.

A 
Clavicles
Shoulder (scapulae) 
Humerus 
Radius ulna
Carpals 8
Metacarpals 5
Phalanges 14
32
Q

Lower limbs

A 
Femur 
Patella
Tibia 
Fibula
Tarsals 7
Metatarsals 5
Phalanges 14
33
Q

Ligament.

A

Composed of dense fibrous connective tissue, which attach bone to bone

34
Q

Tendon

A

Dense fibrous connective tissue, connects muscle to muscle or to skin or periosteum

35
Q

The nervous system compromised of two parts

A

Central nervous system- brain and spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system- all other nerves

36
Q

Function of the meninges

A

Protect brain and spinal cord
Absorbs cerebrospinal fluid
Maintain the Brian’s position within the vault

37
Q

Function of CSF

A

Lubricants brain to prevent friction
Supports brain
Nourish and cleanes by washing away waste and toxic substances
Act as a shock absorber

38
Q

Peripheral nervous system.

A

12 Paris of cranial nerves
31 pairs of spinal nerves
Autonomic nervous system

39
Q

Layers of the skin.

A

Epidermis

Dermis

40
Q

Functions of the skin.

A 
Protection 
Regulation of body temp 
Formation of vit d
Cutaneous sensation
Absorption 
Excretion
41
Q

Function of pharynx

A 
Passageway for air and food
Warming humidifier
Hearing 
Protection 
Speech

12-14cm long from base of skull to 6th cervical vertebra

42
Q

Functions of larynx

A 
Production of sound 
Speech 
Protection of lower respiratory tract
Passageway for air
Humidifying filtering and warming
43
Q

Trachea

A

16-20 incomplete rings of hyaline terminates at carina

Support and patency
Mucociliary escalator
Cough reflex
Warming humidifying and filtering of air

44
Q

Composition of blood.

A

55% plasma

45% cells

45
Q

Types of blood cells

A

Erythrocytes RBC
Leukocytes WBC
Thrombocytes (Platelets)

46
Q

Layers of blood vessels

A

Interna
Media
External or adventitia

47
Q

Layers of the heart

A

Pericardium (outside)
Myocardium
Endocardium

48
Q

Cardiac cycle speed

A
  1. 1 sec atrial systole
  2. 3 sec ventricular systole
  3. 4 sec cardiac diastole
49
Q

Parts of a cell

A 
Nucleus’s 
Cytoplasm 
Mitochodria
Cell membrane 
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum 
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 
Golgi Body 
Ribosomes
50
Q

Three main parts of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem

51
Q

Name 3 vital centres located in the medulla oblongata

A

Resp
CardioVascular
Vasomotor

52
Q

2 functional parts of the peripheral nervous system

A

Sensory and motor

53
Q

Structure and function of synovial joint

A

Nerve/ blood supply
Capsule
Membrane

54
Q

Ribs

A

7 true pairs
3 false Pairs
2 floating pairs

55
Q

Structure of female reproductive system

A 
Ovaries 
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
56
Q

Layers of uterus

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

CMT 1 Revision (11 decks)

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