General Knowledge - (Part Four) Flashcards
1
Q
Chemical relaxers and permanent wave solutions will often begin to “smoke” on the clients head if there is/are any \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ on the hair: A) aniline derivative color B) Demi permanent color C) alcohol-based styling aids D) metallic dyes
A
Correct D) metallic dyes
2
Q
If a client has metallic salts /dyes on their hair you should not give a:
A
Permanent wave or chemical relaxer
3
Q
Shampooing, blow drying/curling irons, and brushing, will break which bonds of the hair?
A
Hydrogen
4
Q
Acidic products will have which action on their hair?
A
Harden and shrink
5
Q
Alkaline products have which action on the hair?
A
Soften and swell
6
Q
Although incompatible, sodium and thio relaxers are both:
A
Alkaline
7
Q
Both thio and sodium relaxers will have a what affect on the hair?
A
Softening
8
Q
A neutralizer, stabilizer, or a fixative will have what affect on the hair?
A
Hardening
9
Q
A neutralizer, stabilizer, or fixative is:
A
Acidic 
10
Q
Neutralizing shampoos are sometimes referred to as:
A
Neutralizers, stabilizers, fixatives
11
Q
Because they are incompatible and usage may cause extensive breakage, hair treated with a sodium hydroxide relaxer should not be treated with:
A
Ammonium Thioglycolate
12
Q
To remove relaxers from the hair, stop their chemical action, and avoid damage to the hair itself, it is necessary to:
A
Rinse the hair well
13
Q
If the relaxer comes into contact with the skin or scalp, it must be:
A
Gently removed with a moist towel
14
Q
How often is it recommended to have a relaxer retouch?
A
3 to 4 months
15
Q
What strength relaxer would you suggest using on fine/damaged hair?
A
Mild
16
Q
If the relaxer is left on the hair longer than directions state, what will likely occur?
A
Hair may break
17
Q
A disulfide relaxer, often marketed as “less damaging” to the hair, is or has:
A
And acidic pH
18
Q
Relaxer application generally begins:
A
At the nape
19
Q
What would be the first step in a chemical relaxer service:
A
Discuss with client
20
Q
Once hair is relaxed with a thio relaxer, the application of a new thio relaxer may cause:
A
Breakage
21
Q
In cutting chemically relaxed hair, it is recommended you use:
A
Shears
22
Q
Using very cold water while rinsing the relaxer, will cause all of the following except:A) reversion
B) breakage
C) tighter curl
D) looser curl
A
Correct D) looser curl
23
Q
Which of the following is not a strength of professionally made relaxers? A) Color treated B) mild C) super/extra strength D) regular
A
Correct A) Color treated
24
Q
The product protecting the scalp from irritation in a “no- base” relaxer is known as:
A) Base cream
B) protective cream
C) neutralizing cream
D) no scalp cream is applied in a no base relaxer
A
Correct D) no scalp cream is applied in a no base relaxer
25
The product protecting the scalp from irritation in a relaxer service is known as:
Base cream
26
In a virgin relaxer, the relaxing product should be applied:
| 
1/2 inch from the scalp through the ends
27
When doing a retouch relaxer service, avoid:
Overlapping the previously relaxed hair
28
Which agency approves the efficacy of products used for infection control?
Environmental protection agency (EPA)
29
Designed to reform the hairs disulfide bonds, neutralizers have what effect on the hair?
Harden and shrink
30
Which of the following cannot be used to reform the hair after the relaxer is removed:
Conditioner
31
Stretching of the hair during the application of the relaxing cream, will cause it to:
Break
32
```
The average pH range of a sodium hydroxide relaxer is :
A) About the same as a thio relaxer
B) somewhat higher than a thio relaxer
C) somewhat lower than a thio relaxer
D) highly acidic
```
Correct B) somewhat higher than a thio relaxer
33
When doing a retouch relaxer service, it is a good idea to:
A) Deeply condition the hair immediately prior to the service
B) have the relaxed hair damp
C) leave conditioner on previously relaxed hair during the service
D) have the hair wet
Correct C) leave conditioner on previously relaxed hair during the service
34
Chemical relaxers and permanent wave solutions have what effect on the hair?
A) Acid so they shrink and harden
B) alkaline so they swell and harden
C) alkaline so they swell and soften
D) I don’t know, I spent my school time texting friends
Correct C) alkaline so they swell in Soften
35
The average pH range of an ammonium thioglycolate relaxer is?
8.5 - 11.5
36
The average pH range of a sodium hydroxide relaxer is?
11.5 - 14
37
When doing a thio based relaxer, why does the stylist use the wider side of the comb?
Avoid overstretching the hair
38
Hair has been relaxed with a hot iron, then a chemical relaxer is applied, what is likely:
Hair will break
39
Straightening the hair with the use of a hot comb, pressing iron, etc., is known as:
Thermal straightening
40
Students test the heat of thermal tools on a piece of white tissue paper. This is to:
Avoid usage of excessively hot tools
41
Using extremely high heat on white, gray, lightened, or tinted hair may cause the hair to:
Discolor, scorch
42
Usually, pressing comb handles are wooden, while the combs themselves are made of:
Copper and brass
43
When the hair is pressed on both sides, this is referred to as:
Hard press
44
A hard press is most suited for which type of hair?
Coarse hair
45
Find hair especially around the face/hairline, requires less heat and pressure and a:
Soft press
46
A hair press can be expected to last about:
Two weeks
47
After a thermal press and curl, how long should you wait to style the hair?
Until it has cooled
48
The best method to clean a curling/pressing iron is with:
Fine steel wool
49
Which part of the hair is most easily broken during a thermal straightening service?
Front or hairline
50
In a thermal press and curl, the stylist should begin the press:
At the nape, close to the scalp
51
When pressing gray hair, use:
Light pressure and lowest heat possible
52
When using hot irons on highly lightened hair, use:
Low heat
53
If the ends of the hair are not in the curling iron, the likely result will be:
And unhappy customer, fishhook ends
54
When using very hot irons on highly lightened hair, in addition to breakage, you will:
Scorch the hair
55
Thermal styling may be done on wigs made of:
Either human or Remy hair
56
Thermal styling will likely be unsuccessful on which of the following types of wigs:
A) Remy
B) non-Remy
C) human hair
D) synthetic
Correct D) Synthetic
57
The use of creams, oils, and other products are used during thermal styling:
As a protection from heat damage
58
The comb used in a thermal styling service is usually made of:
Brass
59
What portion of the thermal pressing comb carries the heat and does the pressing?
Rod
60
When pressing fine or damaged hair, use:
Low heat and light pressure
61
Pressing combs are usually made of:
A) Aluminum
B) steel
C) brass
D) both B & C
Correct D) both B & C
62
When pressing extremely processed hair, use:
Low heat and light pressure
63
Thermal services are:
A) Highly damaging to the hair
B) temporary
C) permanent
D) may be temporary or permanent
Correct B) temporary
64
Modern thermal irons tend to be made of “fine steel” because it allows them to be:
Heated evenly
65
Following a thermal press and curl, how long should you wait to styled hair?
Wait until the hair cools
66
A sign of good porosity in the hair is:
Hair will absorb products easily and usually process quickly
67
Poor porosity means:
Hair absorbs products poorly and will process slowly
68
Hair with good porosity will:
Absorb products quickly, processed quickly
69
Porosity refers to:
The hairs ability to absorb moisture
70
Permanent wave solutions tend to be:
Alkaline
71
In a permanent wave procedure, when should the cotton be removed?
Before rinsing, after saturation
72
The action of the perm solution on the hair is:
Soften and swell
73
Alkaline solutions have what effect on the hair and skin?
Soften and swell
74
Neutralizers are usually:
Acid
75
Acid solutions have what effect on the hair and skin?
Harden and shrink
76
Coldwave solutions will have a pH in the range of:
8.2 to 9.6
77
What is the approximate pH range of acid waves:
5.8 to 6.8
78
What is the approximate pH range of neutral/acid-balanced waves:
4.5 to 6.5
79
What is the basic ingredients used in most chemical relaxers?
Sodium hydroxide
80
The basic ingredient in most neutralizers is either H202 or:
Sodium bromide
81
The basic ingredient of most neutralizers is either sodium bromide or:
2% hydrogen peroxide
82
Vigorous brushing or shampooing prior to any chemical service may result in:
Chemical burns
83
Which of the following is not a type of bond found in the hair?
A) Cystine
B) disulfide
C) hydrogen
D) keratin
Correct D) keratin
84
Acid balanced permanent wave products tend to be more gentle on the hair, but they require the addition of _______ to work:
Heat
85
An acid permanent wave that generates its own heat is known as:
Exothermic
86
An acid permanent wave requiring heat from an external source to work is known as:
Endothermic
87
Exothermic is a term of Greek origin meaning:
To release energy in the form of heat
88
A permanent wave that requires placing the client under a heated dryer, is probably:
Acid an endothermic
89
A permanent wave involves:
A) Chemical action only
B) physical action only
C) anhidrosis and bromhidrosis
D) physical and chemical action
Correct D) Physical and chemical action
90
If the rubber band is twisted while wrapping a perm, what will be the likely outcome?
Breakage
91
Where should the rubber bands be placed on wrapping a permanent wave?
At the top of the rod
92
Which ones are easily broken by water, wind, humidity, and styling tools?
Hydrogen
93
Which type of bond require the application of a chemical to break them?
disulfide/cystine
94
Another name for disulfide bonds is:
Cystine
95
Which bonds must be broken to allow the permanent wave or relaxer to occur:
A) Cystine
B) disulfide
C) hydrogen
D) both A & B
Correct D) both A &B
96
Which bonds are primarily responsible for the hairs strength and elasticity?
Cystine or disulfide
97
What is a different name for the disulfide bond?
Cystine
98
What bonds are broken during a permanent wave procedure?
Cystine or disulfide
99
The permanent wave lotion will cause the hair to:
Expand
100
The neutralizer causes the hair to:
Contract and reform
101
The neutralizer causes the hair to:
Contract and reform
102
Poor wrapping technique may cause breakage, and uneven curl formation, and:
Fishhooks
103
Under processing will generally result in:
Loose curls
104
Which of the following is not a possible reason for a curl that is too loose?
A) Under processing
B) rods that are too large
C) partings that are too large
D) color treated hair
Correct D) Color treated hair
105
Which bonds must be broken to achieve a permanent change?
Cystine or to disulfide
106
What bonds are broken during a permanent wave procedure?
Disulfide
107
After rinsing perm solution from the hair, which of the following chemicals is applied:
A) Fixative
B) neutralizer
C) stabilizer
D) any of the above
Correct D) any of the above
108
The controlling factor in determining the processing time of the hair in a permanent wave is:
Porosity
109
One of the following hair types, which would require the shortest processing time?
A) Hair with poor porosity
B) hair with good porosity
C) hair with good elasticity
D)  very dense hair
Correct B) Hair with good porosity
110
One of the following hair types, which would require the longest processing time?
A) Hair with poor porosity
B) hair with good porosity
C) hair with good elasticity
D) very dense hair
Correct A) Hair with poor porosity
111
Test curls are given to:A) Determine processing time
B) determine porosity
C) determine elasticity
D) all of the above
Correct D) all of the above
112
If you were going to color your clients hair immediately after perming, which of the following would offer your best “least damaging” choice?
A) Permanent color
B) Demi permanent color
C) high and low lights
D) refuse the service
Correct B) Demi permanent color
113
Oxidation occurs during which of the following periods:
A) Processing
B) oxidative
C) Neutralization
D) reduction
Correct C) neutralization
114
An ammonium thioglycolate solution is an alkaline or cold wave and should be wrapped with:
No tension
115
All of the following will open the cuticle , or keep it open, except:
A) Warm water
B) heat
C) alkaline products
D) vinegar
Correct D) Vinegar
116
In a permanent waving, a “test curl”, is most analogus to giving a:
Strand test
117
Wrapping the hair 2 to 3 times around the rod will produce:
Soft to medium curls
118
How many times must hair be wrapped around the rod to produce one curl:
2 1/2 times
119
If hair is wrapped less than 2 1/2 times around the rod, the result will be:
Little to no curl
120
Very fine, thin, or sparse hair, will generally achieve the best result when the stylist uses:
Small rods with small blockings
121
Very dense hair, (hairs per square inch, not the diameter of the hair), will provide the best results in a permanent wave if wrapped with:
Larger rods with small blocking‘s
122
In addition to the rod size used, what determines the size of the resultant curl pattern?
Size of the partings/blocking
123
When perming bleached hair, use:
Large rods
124
Conditioning immediately prior to performing a permanent wave service, may result in:
Hair not absorbing the lotion
125
Conditioning immediately prior to performing a permanent wave service, may result in:
Hair being under processed
126
Which of the following is the most important in determining processing time?
Porosity
127
If insufficient cystine/ disulfide bonds are broken in the hair, the likely result will be:
Under processed hair/weak curl formation
128
Oxidation occurs during which of the following periods:
A) Processing
B) oxidative
C) neutralization
D) reduction
Correct C) Neutralization
129
And what section does one generally begin to wrap a perm?
Nape
130
What type of perming solution sure you select for hair with excellent porosity?
Mild
131
Heavy conditioning prior to a permanent wave may cause weak curl formation because:
A) To few hydrogen and salt bonds are broken
B) to few disulfide bonds are broken
C) to few cystine bonds are broken
D) both B & C
Correct D) both B & C
132
What type of perming solution do you select for hair with for porosity ?
Hard to curl/resistant
133
Which of the following is the most important in determining the hairs ability to hold a curl after the perm procedure?
Elasticity
134
Which rod placement will create the greatest volume in a permanent wave set:
On base
135
Which rod placement in a permanent wave set that will create the greatest tension (thereby increasing the chance of breakage) during the permanent wave:
On base
136
When receiving a permanent wave, razored ends may result in which of the following:
Frizzy ends
137
Razored cuts may result in frizzy ends after a perm, what cut is best before a perm?
A blunt cut
138
Which rod will produce a uniform curl from root to end?
Straight rod
139
Which rod will produce a tighter curl at the end than at the root? 
Concave rod
140
Over neutralization will result in:
Dry/brittle curl
141
The process that occurs when the permanent wave solution is dissolving the disulfide bonds in the hair shaft is referred to as:
Reduction
142
When doing a permanent wave, a loose curl may result from:
Under neutralization
143
The active ingredient in the perm solution itself, acts as a/an :
Reduction agent
144
What is the active ingredient in most cold wave solutions?
Ammonium Thioglycolate
145
What is the active ingredient in most chemical relaxers?
Sodium hydroxide
146
Which type of wrap or perm is generally suggested for long hair?
A) Piggyback
B) spiral double
C) halo
D) both A and B
Correct D) both A and B
147
Thick, coarse hair, with poor porosity, is probably resistant to any chemical service and would usually require the application of which type perm solution:
Alkaline wave
148
The use of end papers makes it easier for the cosmetologist to wrap the hair in perm rods, however, the primary function of end-papers is to:
Protect the ends
149
Clients hair is rinsed and neutralized before sufficient curl formation occurs, the result is:
Under processed hair
150
You have applied the apparently correct perm solution to the clients hair, and after 10 minutes there is no curl formation beginning, what should you do?
Blot and use stronger perm solution
151
There is no wave pattern after perm has completed processing time. What can you do:
Blot and re-saturate with new perm solution
152
A permanent may be air neutralized or self neutralized, these terms mean:
Neutralizer is not used
153
The hair is dry and brittle after a permanent wave, this is most likely the result of:
Over neutralization
154
If the saturated cotton is left on the skin too long, what may occur:
Chemical burns
155
To avoid chemical burns to a clients skin, it is best to:
Change cotton after applying perm solution
156
When should the cotton placed around the hairline in a permanent wave be changed:
As soon as solution stops dripping
157
Hair that appears very curly when wet, but frizzy or straight when dry, has been:
Overprocessed
158
When deciding if the processing time of a permanent wave is completed look for:
Well developed “S” pattern
159
An acid or acid balanced perm would be good for all the following hair types except:
A) Hair lacking elasticity
B) damaged hair
C) color treated hair
D) coarse, resistant hair
Correct D) coarse, resistant hair
160
A highly alkaline perm would be a good choice for all the following except:
A) High-lift, color treated hair
B) wiry, resistant hair
C) hard to curl hair
D) coarse, virgin hair
Correct A) High-lift, color treated hair
161
The action of the perm solution will continue until which of the following occurs:
It is neutralized
162
During a massage, muscles are typically manipulated from the:
Insertion to the origin
163
What test can be performed to distinguish between synthetic and human hair wigs?
Match test
164
Remy hair refers to hair that is or has:
Human hair that was chemically processed
165
The biggest/largest/best selling hair in the world is:
Non-Remy hair
166
Remy hair has:
Cuticle running in the same direction
167
Remy means:
Cuticle faces direction of original growth
168
Non-Remy hair is also known as:
Fallen hair
169
From what animal do manufacturers obtain most of the non-human hair used in wigs? 
Yak
170
Most human hair used in wig manufacturing comes from:
Asia
171
Any human hair, unless the cuticle has been removed, may be referred to as:
Remy hair
172
Remy hair:
A) Intact cuticle running in the same direction, prevent tangling
B) is derived from yaks
C) intact cuticle not running in One Direction (tangles easily)
D) is not human hair
Correct A) intact cuticle running in the same direction, prevent tingling
173
Remy hair:
A) Tangles easily
B) is difficult to tangle
C) is highly allergenic
D) originates from Africa
Correct B) is difficult to tangle
174
```
Non-Remy hair is:
A) Synthetic
B) of low quality
C) cannot be styled with hot tools
D) most commonly available hair
```
Correct D) Most commonly available hair
175
Remy hair is:
A) Derived from yaks
B) derived from alpacas
C) derived from humans
D) synthetic
Correct C) derived from humans
176
Yak hair can be:
A) Curled, permed, relaxed, and colored
B) an allergen too many people
C) mixed with synthetic hair to lower price
D) all of the above
Correct D) All of the above
177
Which of the following is incorrect about Remy hair derived from humans:
A) Tends to be most expensive
B) Cuticle is intact and going in one direction
C) has had its cuticle removed
D) usually comes from Asia
Correct C) has had its cuticle removed
178
Hair with an intact cuticle that has been turned so that all the cuticles face the same direction:
Turned hair
179
In “fallen hair”, which of the following is true of the cuticle?
A) It is not all going in the same direction
B) it has been removed and replaced
C) it has been removed to prevent matting
D) fallen hair is not human hair (has no cuticle)
Correct C) it has been removed to prevent matting
180
A cap wig is:
A) Usually hand knotted
B) usually hand tied
C) usually under knotted
D) all of the above
Correct D) All of the above
181
A cap wig is:
A) Machine made
B) light and comfortable to wear
C) a good choice if you are bald
D) composed of wefts sewn together
Correct C) A good choice if you are bald
182
A cap Wig contains:
A) Semi hard base to which hair is attached
B) hair attached to elasticized mesh
C) wefts are hand or machine sewn together
D) hair attached to wefts sewn in a pattern
Correct B) hair attached to elasticized mesh
183
Capless wig is:
A) Machine made
B) composed of wefts sewn together
C) generally less expensive than a cap wig
D) all of the above
Correct D) all of the above
184
A client has extreme hair loss, or is bald. And they wish to disguise this. Which of the following wig choices would you recommend?
A) Capless wig
B) machine made wig
C) cap wig
D) human hair wig
Correct C) Wig
185
Which of the following is not true of hand knotted or hand tied wigs?
A) They most resemble human hair
B) they require the most styling
C) hair strands are inserted individually
D) have a bounce back style
Correct D) Have a bounce back style
186
If not synthetic, wigs in fantasy hair colors are most often made from:
Yak hair
187
A fishtail braid has how many strands?
Two
188
A corn row braid has how many strands?
Three
189
Inverted braids are also known as:
Invisible braids
190
A three strand braid using the underhand technique is also known as:
Visible braid
191
The corrective make up color used to correct/camouflage a sallow complexion:
Gold
192
A ruddy (red) complexion could be improved with the use of:
Green
193
A gray, ashen pallor can be covered up by use of:
Gold
194
A chalky (white) complexion can best be camouflaged by the use of:
Gold
195
An eyebrow pencil should be sharpened:
Before and after every usage
196
After tweezing a clients eyebrows, you should:
Apply astringent
197
Eyeshadow concentrated at the outer most corner of the lid will cause the eyes to appear:
Further apart
198
Eyeshadow concentrated at the innermost corner of the lid will cause the eyes to appear:
Closer together
199
To correct very close set eyes, and make them appear further apart, the make up artist will probably apply shadow:
At the outer corner of the upper lid
200
To correct a very wide set eyes, and make them appear closer together, the make up artist will probably apply shadow:
At the inner portion of the lid
