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Radiology VCS845 > General Joint Radiology > Flashcards

General Joint Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

Degenerative Joint disease
types

A

Non-inflammatory
inflammatory

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2
Q

Degenerative Joint Disease:

Non- Inflammatory

Idiopathic

A

aging change

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3
Q

Degenerative Joint disease

Non-inflammatory

Developmental

A

Hip dysplasia

Elbow dysplasia

OCD

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4
Q

Degenerative Joint disease

non-inflammatory

Acquired

A

trauma

neoplasia

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5
Q

Degenerative Joint disease

inflammatory

types

A

infectious

immune-mediated

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6
Q

Degenerative joint disease

Inflammatory

immune-mediated

A

Erosive

non-erosive

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7
Q

Degenerative Joint disease

Inflammatory

Immune-mediated

Non-erosive

A

idiopathic

sle, drug induced, neoplasia

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8
Q

Normal anatomy

synovial joint

A

2 bones

joint capsule (synovial membrane)

synovial fluid

cartilage - articular (highland)

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9
Q

Radiographic signs of Degenerative Joint Disease

A

Soft tissue

joint space

articular surface

Subchondral bone changes

Ne bone formation : enthesophytes and osteophytes, intra-articular mineralization

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10
Q

Signs of joint disease

soft tissue swelling

A

Assess facial planes and infrapatellar fat pad

Obliterations, compression, or reduced visualization

Query if intra-articular or extra-articular

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11
Q

Signs of Joint disease

Soft tissue swelling

intra-articular

A

Loss of normal infrapatellar fat pad and caudal fascial plane

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12
Q

Signs of Joint disease

Soft tissue swelling

Extra-articular

A

Compression of the fascial planes from outside the joint

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13
Q

Signs of joint disease

Soft tissue swelling

Soft tissue mass

A

hypertrophied/hyperplastic or inflamed synovium

tumor tissue

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14
Q

Signs of Joint disease

Soft Tissue Swelling

Effusion

A

Inflammatory effusion

Hemarthrosis

Infection

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15
Q

Signs of Joint disease

Gas

Intra-articular

A

Iatrogenic

vacuum phenomenon

shoulder

hip

infection

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16
Q

Signs of joint disease

gas

extra-articular

A

iatrogenic

infection

17
Q

signs of joint disease

Altered joint space width

increased

A

thickened cartilage

Immature

LCPD: legg calves perthes disease / avascular necrosis of the femoral head/aseptic necorsis of the femoral head

effusion or mass

joint laxity: rupture ligaments, inherited laxity

Erobed subchondral bone

18
Q

Signs of Joint disease

Altered joint space width

decreased

A

not centering on joint

cartilage destruction

DJD

Muscle atrophy

19
Q

Signs of joint disease

Altered subchondral bone

Irregular margins

A
  • immaturity
    • tuberculum majus
    • Femoral condyles
  • Abnormal development
  • Destruction or Fragmentation
    • osteochondrosis
    • sepsis
    • necrosis eg LCPD
    • Trauma
    • immune mediated joint disease
20
Q

Signs of Joint disease

Altered subchondral bone

increased opacity

A

Remodeling due to eccentric stress/weight bearing

Eburnation: cartilage destruction with sclerosis of subchondral bone

Peri-articular bone proliferation with subsequent superimposition

21
Q

Eburnation

22
Q

Signs of joint diseae

new bone formation

Osteophyte

A
  • Osteophyte: is an outgrowth of bone at the margin of the articular surface
    • AKA boney spur
    • neovascularization at the chondrosynovial junction with subsequent fibrocartilage formation
    • This fibrocartilage ossifies over time
  • Defining feature of osteoarthrosis/DJD
23
Q

Signs of Joint disease

new bone formation

enthesophyte

A

Enthesophyte: is an outgrowth of bone at an enthesis (non weight bearing surface)

Enthesis: attachment of ligament, tendon, or capsule on bone

24
Q

DJD shoulder joint

A

red - osteophytes

black - capsular enthesophytes

25
Q

Elbow Joint

normal

26
Q

DJD elbow joint

A

yellow - osteophytes

Red - enthesophytes

27
Q

Joint capsule

Coxofemoral joint

28
Q

DJD coxofemoral joint

A

remodeling of the acetabulum and femoral head: indicative of chronicity

Pseudo-articulation

29
Q

Non-inflammatory Joint Disease:

Synovial Cell Sarcoma

A

malignant synovioma

slow growing

metastasize in 50%

large soft tissue component

Dogs > cats

Epiphyseal punched out lytic areas

Subchondral bone usually spared

Minimal to no periosteal reaction

30
Q

Inflammatory Joint Disease:

Septic arthritis

A
  • Infectious
    • bacterial
      • penetrating wounds
      • from contiguous sites
      • Hematagenous
    • Viral/fungal/protozoal infections are rare
  • If seen then irreversible joint damage has occurred
    • early:
      • ST swelling, effusion
    • 7-10 days
      • subchondral bone loss
      • destruction and irregularity
      • subchondral lucencies
      • adjacent sclerosis
      • metaphyseal periosteal reaction
      • collapsed joint space

Radiology VCS845 (6 decks)

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