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General Jewish Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Hashem

A

‘the name’
used to refer to God

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2
Q

Tefillin

A

Two black leather boxes worn around the arm and head typically by Jewish males past the age of Bar Mitzvah (13) during morning prayer which contain scripture (including the Shema) to remind Jews to have both an emotional and intellectual relationship with God

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3
Q

Mezuzah

A

Small case on doorposts of each room except the bathroom containing the Shema

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4
Q

Havdalah

A

The end of Shabbat

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5
Q

Shabbat

A

The Jewish day of spiritual renewal and rest - Saturday - the Sabbath

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6
Q

Gan Eden

A

Heaven for those who have lived according to God’s law

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7
Q

Gehenna

A

Hell, a place of punishment for those who had lived immoral lives

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8
Q

Tenakh

A

The 24 books of Jewish Scripture, the first 5 of which are called the Torah

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9
Q

Shekinah

A

God’s divine presence on Earth which can be felt anywherre
Originally present in the Temple, in the Holy of Holies - this is partly the reason many Jews think Israel is so special

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10
Q

Ner Tamid

A

Eternal light symbolising God’s presence

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11
Q

Mashiach

A

The ‘anointed one’ who Jews belive will bring a new age for humans
Belief in the Messiah is one of the 13 principles of faith

No specific passages about the messiah in the Torah, but several in the Tenakh

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12
Q

Olam Ha-Ba

A

The messianic age (or the afterlife)
“the world to come”

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13
Q

Yetzer Ha Tov

A

The inclination to do good

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14
Q

Yetzer Ha Ra

A

The inclination to do evil

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15
Q

Mitzvot

A

The 613 commandments Jews endeavor to follow
Found in the Torah

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16
Q

Mitzvah

A

A singular mitzvot
A singular commandment

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17
Q

Pikuach Nefesh

A

The Jewish obligation to save life under almost all circumstances

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18
Q

Yom Kippur

A

Day of atonement

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19
Q

Torah

A

The first 5 books of the Tenakh

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20
Q

Talmud

A

The written version of the Oral Torah passed originally by word of mouth

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21
Q

Rabbi

A

A Jewish religious teacher

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22
Q

Sheol

A

In early Judaism, a place of darkness
In later tradition, a place of purification or waiting

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23
Q

Kosher

A

‘Fit’ or ‘proper’

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24
Q

Beth Ha Knesset

A

Term form Synagogue meaning ‘House of Assembly’

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25
Q

Beit Tefilah

A

‘House of Prayer’

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26
Q

Beit Midrash

A

‘House of Study’

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27
Q

Synagogue

A

House of Assembly
Jewish building for prayer, study and assembly

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28
Q

Bimah

A

Raised platform in a synagogue from which the Torah is read

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29
Q

Aron Hakodesh

A
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30
Q

Challah

A
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31
Q

Kiddush

A

A Jewish prayer said over the wine when Shabbat is welcomed into the home

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32
Q

Amidah

33
Q

Shema

34
Q

Modeh Ani

35
Q

Brit Milah

A

Circumcision ceremony of an 8 day old Jewish boy as a mark of the Abrahamic covenant

36
Q

Kippah

37
Q

Pareve

38
Q

Trefah

39
Q

Kashrut

40
Q

Passover

41
Q

Mohel

A

The person performing the circumcision ceremony
(If they are a woman, in reform settings, they are called a Mohelet)

42
Q

Minyan

43
Q

Sandek

A

Male relative who holds the 8 day old baby boy at his circumcision

44
Q

Elijah’s chair

45
Q

Covenant

A

A sacred promise between God and humanity

46
Q

Brit Bat

47
Q

Bar Mitzvah

A

Son of the commandment

48
Q

Bat Mitzvah

A

Daughter of the commandment

49
Q

Bat Chayil

A

Daughter of Valour

50
Q

Shiva

A

Seven days of intense mourning

51
Q

Shomerim

52
Q

Ketubah

A

Marriage contract

53
Q

Keriah

A

The tearing of clothes as a symbol of grief
A common Jewish mourning ritual

54
Q

Kaddish

55
Q

Avelut

A

Final mourning period, lasting 12 months after burial

56
Q

Chevra Kaddisha

A

Burial Society

57
Q

Onan

A

Chief mourner who is exempt from all mitzvot apart from the Ten Commandments when they arrange the funeral

58
Q

Kiddushin

59
Q

Chuppah

A

A canopy open on all sides under which a Jewish marriage ceremony is held
It symbolises the couple’s home

60
Q

Nissuin

A

The second stage of Jewish marriage
Establishment of full marital union

61
Q

Rosh Hashanah

A

Jewish New Year

62
Q

Shofar

62
Q

Kol Nidrei

63
Q

Yizkor

A

Prayer services remembering family and friends who have died
It is an important part of Yom Kippur

64
Q

Neilah

65
Q

Sukkot

66
Q

Etrog

A

A citrus fruit

67
Q

Lulav

A

Branch made of palm, myrtle and willow

68
Q

Pesach

A

The most important Jewish festival

69
Q

Seder meal

70
Q

Matzah

A

Unleavened bread
Reminder of bread made in a hurry at the Exodus of the Jews from slavery in Egypt
No time to add yeast and wait for it to rise

71
Q

Orthodox Jews

A

Jews who live by the Torah and Rabbinic law who only accept changes that can be supported by the torah

72
Q

Reform Jews

73
Q

Secular Jews

A

People born to Jewish parents but who don’t observe the religious practices or teachings of Judaism
Do not believe in God
Do not see the Torah’s teachings as sacred

74
Q

L’chaim

75
Q

Mishnah

A

The first document of Rabbinic judaism assumed to have been written down from the oral tradition

76
Q

Abrahamic Covenant

77
Q

Mosaic Covenant

RE (25 decks)

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