general issues related to assessment

Question 1

Red Flags

Answer 1

Cancer
Infection
Cauda equina
Concurrent medical problems
HIV

Question 2

Red Flags CANCER

Answer 2

Unexplained weight loss
Persistant pain
Lumps or masses
Unexplained fever
Unexplained fatigue
Unusual bleeding
Persistent cough or hoarseness

Question 3

Red flag INFECTION

Answer 3

High fever
Severe pain
Rapid HR
Shortness in breath
Persistant vomitting/ diarhea
Confusion/altered state
Lymph node swelling
Fatigue/ weakness

Question 4

Red flag Cauda Equina

Answer 4

Severe low back pain
Bowel/ bladder dysfunction
Reflex changes
Saddle anesthesia
Weakness in legs
Difficulty walking

Question 5

Yellow Flags

Answer 5

these are psycho-behavioural issues that can be addressed by certain members of pain management team

• maladaptive behaviours
  -Poor coping strategies
• low self-efficacy
• pain castrophing
• fear avoidance
  anxiety/ depression

Question 6

Outcome measures

Answer 6

Tools used to track patients progress / provides data on pain levels, mobility, strength + helps determine treatment is effective

• set starting point
• track progress
• guide treatment decisions
• motivates patients
• communicate effectively
• maintain quality care

Question 7

Valdity

Answer 7

refers to how accurate a measure assesses what its intended to assess

Question 8

realibility

Answer 8

means that measure consistently gives same results under same conditions