General information on chemotherapeutic drugs and hormonal approach

Question 1

How drug should be

Answer 1

Effective singly, Synergistic, Have non-cumulative toxicities, and given in maximum tolerated dose

Question 2

Benefit of combination chemotherapy

Answer 2

Reduce risk of development of resistance, provides a broader range of interactions b/w drugs and tumor cells, and decrease toxicity and increase therapeutic effect.

Question 3

Combination drugs for hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 3

MOPP:Mechlorethamine(Nitrogen mustard), Vincristine=O(Vinca alkaloid), Procarbazine(alkylating agent), and Prednisone(glucocorticoid)

Question 4

Combination drugs for non-hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 4

CHOP: Cyclophosphamide(alkylating agent), Doxorubicin=H(Hits DNA), Vincristine=O, and Prednisone

Question 5

Drugs for hormonal approaches to increase drug selectivity.

Answer 5

Prednisone(glucocorticoid), Tamoxifen, anastrozole(both block estrogen action), Flutamide, finasteride(Block androgen action)

Question 6

Prednisone

Answer 6

Agonist for glucocorticoid receptor to trigger apoptosis. also anti-lymphocytic effects.

Question 7

Tamoxifen

Answer 7

Competitive partial agonist/antagonist at estrogen receptors to inhibit the gene expression or growth by estrogen.

Question 8

Tamoxifen suppresses _____ and Upregulates ____. may cause ____.

Answer 8

Insulin like growth factor 1
Transforming growth factor beta
menopausal effects

Question 9

Anastrozole

Answer 9

An aromatase inhibitor which results in reduction of estrogen synthesis; thus, proliferation of estrogen dependent cancer cells.

Question 10

Flutamide

Answer 10

Block the androgen receptor and expression of androgen genes.

Question 11

Finasteride

Answer 11

Block dihydrotestosterone synthesis(larger effects if we can block 5alpha-reductase enzyme)