General Info

Question 1

Atoms are mostly empty/filled space

Answer 1

Empty

Question 2

Three types of subatomic particles and their charges

Answer 2

Proton - positive charge
Neutron - neutral charge
Electron - negative charge

Question 3

What is the outer shell of an atom called?

Answer 3

Valence shell

Question 4

What does the atomic number tell us?

Answer 4

The number of protons and electrons

Question 5

What does the mass number tell us?

Answer 5

The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom

Question 6

How are electron shells labelled?

Answer 6

K, L, M, N or 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 7

Maximum number of electrons in each shell

Answer 7

K/1: 2
L/2: 8
M/3: 18 (8 then 10)
N/4: 32

Question 8

Atoms in their lowest energy state are in the…

Answer 8

Ground state

Question 9

How are chemical reactions written?

Answer 9

Reactants –> Products

Question 10

What does the electron configuration tell us? (eg 2, 8, 1)

Answer 10

Number of shells: what period the element is in
Number of valence electrons: what group the element is in
Eg. 2, 8, 1
3 shells = period 3
1 valence electron = group 1

Question 11

How are the chemical properties of an element determined?

Answer 11

The number of valence electrons

Question 12

Compare ionic and covalent bonds

Answer 12

Ionic bonds
Strength of bond: weaker
Bond is between: anions and cations
How the bond is formed: gaining or losing electrons

Covalent bonds
Strength of bond: stronger
Bond is between: non-metals
How the bond is formed: sharing electrons

Question 13

What is a precipitate?

Answer 13

A fine solid powder that forms when two solutions are mixed