General Histology Notes

Question 1

Interneurons of proprioception
Extra Primidal
In which lamina of spinal cord

Answer 1

Lamina VIII 8

Question 2

M & L groups of Anterior horn cells
Alpha and gamma motor

Answer 2

Lamina IX 9

Question 3

Nucleus proprius

Answer 3

Lamina III &
Lamina IV

Question 4

Clark’s, intermediomedial, intermediolateral nuclei

Answer 4

Lamina VII

Question 5

It gives preganglionic sympathatic fibres (thoracolumbar)
thoracic & upper 2 lumber segments.

Answer 5

Intermediolateral nucleus
Lamina 7

Question 6

It receives the visecral afferents sensation

Answer 6

Intermediomedial nucleus
Lamina 7

Question 7

In which segments
all the nuclei of the lateral group are replaced by one nucleus (lateral nucleus)

Answer 7

In thoracic segments

Question 8

In which segments
all the nuclei of the lateral group are replaced by one nucleus (lateral nucleus)

Answer 8

In thoracic segments

Question 9

Fibres of the Molecular Layer

Answer 9

1) Axons and denderites of both the stellate cells and basket cells.
2) Axons of granule cells.
3) Axons collaterals of purkinje cells.
4) The denderites of purkinje cells.
5) The denderites of Golgi type II cells.

Question 10

Deep cerebellar nuclei afferents

Answer 10

[axons of Purkinje cells]

Brain stem nuclei.

Question 11

Efferents of deep cerebellar nuclei

Answer 11

Cerebellar cortex

Extracerebellar inputs: brain stem nuclei.
Red nucleus, inferior olivary n., vestibular nuclei, reticular formation

Question 12

The cerebellar glomerulus: [cerebellar islands formation

Answer 12

Mnemonic : Mossa GARD glumerulus
1) One mossy fibre rossette which forms the center of each glomerulus.

2) The denderites of many granule cells.

3) Axons of Golgi type II cells.

The whole structure is surrouded by a single glial lamella.

Question 13

The cerebellar glomerulus function

Answer 13

Mossy fibre exerts its synaptic excitatory action within the cerebellar glomerulus, where it excites granule cells whose axons (the parallel fibres) excite all cell denderites within the molecular layer Purkinje, basket, stellates and Golgi cells).

A single mossy fibre may stimulate thousands of purkinje cells through granule cells.

Question 14

Mossy fibers course

Answer 14

Each mossy fiber expands to form a rosette that synapse with the claw like terminals of the granule cells.

Question 15

Climbing fibres

Answer 15

from the inferior olivary nucleus.
They synapse with the smooth branches of the purkinje cell denderites. Some axons collaterals of the climbing fibers make synapse with stellate cells, basket cells and Golgi type II cells.

(the climbing fiber synapse with a single purkinje cell]

Question 16

Crossing over synapse

Answer 16

The denderites of purkinje cells synapse with the parallel fibres of the axons of the granule cells.

Question 17

denderites of purkinje fibers

Answer 17

They branches give primary and secondery smooth branches. Their tertiary branches have short,thick spines call gemmules.

Question 18

Barket cells and Purkinje

Answer 18

single basket cell may synapse with up to 10 purkinje cells

Question 19

properties of short Tracts:

Answer 19

1- present within spinal cord For its connection

2- the are intersegmental

3. Have associative, intergrative Functions.
4. Commisural connect opposite halves of spinal cord

5- Association.. connect adjacent part of same side.

Question 20

Function of Lissauer’s tract

Answer 20

pain modulation.

Contain:

• lat. divisions of dorsal roots of spinal nerves

2-fibers that connect different Levels of substantia gelatinosa

Question 21

What’s The Function of comma Shaped

Answer 21

Represent descending Fibers From cuneate tract

Question 22

Septo marginal. Function

Answer 22

Represent descending Fibers From gracile tracts.

Question 23

Define Syrinomylie

Answer 23

Diltation central canal affect anterior which commissure. Where spino thalamic tract decussate so pain, Temp, crude Touch is affect cervical) →Motor could be affected if Ant horn is damaged.

Dorsal column tracts are spared.