General GI anatomy Flashcards
what is digestion
breaking down of food we eat into simple substances that our bodies can absorb
what is digestive absorption
passage of the end product of digestion from the GI tract into the blood and lymphatic vessels either by diffusion or active transport
what is secretion
process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell, gland or organ for a particular function
what is motility
ability for an organism to move independently using metabolic energy
function of pancreas
contains digestive enzymes for digestion of fats, carbs and proteins
function of liver
contains bile salts for digestion/ absorption or fats in small intestine
function of gallbladder
stores and concentrates bile
function of small intestine
final stages of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
function of large intestine
water absorption, bacterial fermentation and formation of faeces
four layers of tunica
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externia, serosa/ adventitia
type of epithelium in mouth, oesophagus and anal canal
stratified squamous
type of epithelium in stomach, small intestine and large intestine
simple columnar
what is adventitia
connective tissue outer layer of alimentary canal
1. outside peritoneal cavity- adventitia attaches oesophagus and rectum to surroundings
2. inside cavity- serosa surrounds stomach, small intestine and large intestine
3 constrictions of the oesophagus
cervical, thoracic (crossed by arch of aorta), diaphragmatic
how much bile can gallbladder hold
50ml
what artery supplies gallbladder
cystic artery which lies in triangle of clot
where does pancreas lie
along transpyloric plane
where is portal vein formed
portal vein is formed behind the neck of the pancreas
3 branches of celiac trunk
left gastric artery, hepatic artery and splenic artery
origin of celiac trunk
T12
where would you find left gastric artery
runs along lesser curvature of stomach
where would you find hepatic artery
supplying liver and gallbladder
where would u find splenic artery
upper margin of pancreas
3 things that distinguish from large and small intestine
- omental appendices- small, fatty projections
- haustra or sacculations
- teniae coli- thick bands of smooth muscle
what two veins from portal vein
splenic vein and mesenteric vein
