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CCA Love Chiropractic Center > General Examination > Flashcards

General Examination Flashcards

1
Q

What is clinical diagnosis?

A

Its whats wrong with the patient

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2
Q

What is the differential diagnosis?

A

more than one possibility of whats wrong with the patient

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3
Q

What is prognosis?

A

the outlook of the condition (is the patient going to get better or worse)

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4
Q

What is ausculatation?

A

listening for sounds with a stethoscope

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5
Q

What are vitals?

A

blood pressure, temperature, respiration and pulse

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6
Q

What is musculoskeletal?

A

describes interactions between muscles and skeleton

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7
Q

What is neuromusculoskeletal?

A

interaction between nerves, muscles, and skeleton

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8
Q

What is a consultation?

A

patient meets with doctor to describe symptoms, areas of pain, etc

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9
Q

What is 80% of any diagnosis?

A

History

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10
Q

What is a patients history?

A

health conditions, surgeries, whats going on with their symptoms, onset, etc

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11
Q

What are the components of a chiropractors examination?

A

general physical exam, chiropractic exam, orthopedic and neurological testing

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12
Q

What are the parts of a physical exam?

A

vital signs, listening to lungs, looking in the ears, etc

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13
Q

What are the components of a chiropractic exam?

A

static and motion palpation techniques

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14
Q

What is an orthopedic exam?

A

an orthopedic exam isolates individual areas of the body and helps to diagnosis

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15
Q

What is a neurologic exam?

A

neurologic exams are used to help rule out nerve involvement (sensory exams, vibrational sense and dermatome testing)

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16
Q

What are diagnostic tests?

A

labwork, xray, ct, mri, those sorts of things

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17
Q

What are the essential vital signs?

A

respiration rate, pulse, blood pressure, tempurature

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18
Q

What is the purpose of evaluating vital signs?

A

evaluaties health status on essential physiologic functions and vital organs

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19
Q

Why is it important to evaluate vital signs?

A

to allow provider to make educated decisions about treatments and other interventions

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20
Q

When should we take vitals?

A

On the first visit
on a re exam
if the patient hasnt been in in more than 3 months
When there is a change in the patients condition

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21
Q

Who requires vitals?

A

NCCA, most insurance companies, and medicare

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22
Q

What is respiration rate and what is normal for this reading?

A

The number of times a patient breaths per minute, normal is 16-20 rpm

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23
Q

How do you count respiration rate?

A

watch patients chest rise and fall for 30 seconds, then double the number

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24
Q

What is pulse?

A

the number of times the heart beats per minute

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25
Q

Where should pulse be taken?

A

use 2 fingers over the radial or carotid arteries. Never use the thumb! Count beats for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4.

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26
Q

What are some terms used to describe heart beat?

A

normal, bounding, weak, thready, regular, or irregular

27
Q

What are average heart rates for babies to age 1, children ages 1-10, children ages 11-17, adults, and well conditioned athletes?

A 
babies: 100-160bpm
children age 1-10: 70-120bpm
children age 11-17: 60-100bpm
adults: 60-100bpm
well trained athletes: 40-60bpm
28
Q

What are things that can cause fast pulse?

A

exercise, anemia, some meds, fever, heart disease, stimulants, stress, alcohol

29
Q

What are some things that can cause slow pulse?

A

heart disease, high levels of fitness, underactive thyroid

30
Q

What device is used to take blood pressure?

A

sphygmomanometer

31
Q

Which arm is prefered for takin gblood pressure?

A

the left

32
Q

Where should blood pressure cuff be placed?

A

1 inch above elbow crease at heart level

33
Q

Where should the stethoscope be place?

A

over the brachial artery in the antecubital fossa

34
Q

What is more accurate- digital or manual sphygmomanometers?

A

manual

35
Q

What is normal blood pressure?

A

120/80 or less

36
Q

What is pre hypertension?

A

systolic is 121-139 and diastolic is 81-89

37
Q

What is hypertension?

A

greater than 140/90

38
Q

Who has higher blood pressure- male or females?

A

males

39
Q

Where can tempurature be taken?

A

orally, rectally, tympanic (ear), forehead, or axilla (armpit)

40
Q

Which tempurature method will yield the lowest temp?

A

oral tempurature

41
Q

Who is a candidate for rectal tempurature readings?

A

infants and small children that are unable to hold the thermometer in their mouth

42
Q

What is the most common method to take temp?

A

tympanic

43
Q

What could yield an inaccurate tempurature reading?

A

not keeping mouth closed, not leaving thermometer in long enough, taking temp after exercise or hot bath

44
Q

What is the purpose of a general physical exam?

A

to confirm an overall state of health and to diagnose a health problem

45
Q

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?

A

a sign is objective information (measured info) and a symptom is subjective (basically what the patient tells you)

46
Q

What are the duties of a CA during a chiropractic examination?

A

interview patient, write accurate history, determine vitals, assist doctor in exam

47
Q

What is the main vector for spread of disease in healthcare?

A

hands, make sure to wash before and after each patient contact

48
Q

How should a CA prepare a patient for exam?

A

explain what will happen
instruct patient into gown
remove jewelry buttons snaps etc for x ray

49
Q

What is visual inspection?

A

assesses posture, mannerisms, size, shape, color, position, symmetry, and presence of abnormalities

50
Q

What is palpation?

A

inspection by touch for texture, tempurature, shape, movement and can be with light or heavy pressure

51
Q

What is percussion?

A

lightly tapping and striking the body to hear sounds or feel vibrations

52
Q

What is auscultation?

A

listening to body sounds, such as heart or lungs

53
Q

What is manipulation?

A

moving of a patient body parts

54
Q

What is mensuration?

A

measuring a patients extremity length or diameter

55
Q

What are the two different heads on a stethoscope?

A

diaphragm (drum) and bell

56
Q

What is the diaphragm of the stethoscope used for?

A

detecting higher pitched sounds like breath or heartbeat

57
Q

What is the bell of a stethoscope used for?

A

detecting low pitch sounds, like heart murmurs or bowel sounds

58
Q

What are the 3 components of a pulmonary exam?

A

inspection, palpation, and auscultation

59
Q

What is an otoscope?

A

it is used to looking in the ear

60
Q

what is an opthalmascope?

A

it is used for looking in the eyes

61
Q

What is the snellen chart?

A

chart used to determine patients vision

62
Q

What is used for an auditory examination?

A

tuning fork

63
Q

What are the 3 components of a cardiac exam?

A

percussion, auscultation, measuring pulses

64
Q

What are the 4 components of an abdominal exam?

A

Inspection (color, symmetry)
Ausculatation (for bowel sounds)
Percussion (for fluid, hollowness)
Palpation (for masses, herniation, etc)

CCA Love Chiropractic Center (7 decks)

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