General Chemistry

Question 1

Describe proton neutron electron

Answer 1

A proton has a positive charge and a mass of 1 amu. Neutron has no charge and a mass of around 1 amu. And an electron has a negative charge and a neglible mass

Question 2

What is the difference between atomic number and mass number?

Answer 2

Atomic number is the number of protons in a given element and the mass number is the sum of the protons plus the neutrons

Question 3

What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic weight?

Answer 3

Atomic mass is the same thing as the mass number (sum of the protons and neutrons) and the atomic weight is the weighted average of the naturally occuring isotopes of an elements

Question 4

Rutherford first postulated what…

Answer 4

That the atom had a dense, positively charged nucleus core

Question 5

Bohr model of the atom shows the protons related to the electrons how..

Answer 5

The Bohr Model shows the protons in the nucleus surrounded by electrons revolving around the nucleus in orbit with distinct energy levels

Question 6

THe energy difference between energy levels is called a

Answer 6

quantum

Question 7

atomic absorption spectrum

Answer 7

shows the amount of energy required for an electron of a particular element to jump from a lower energy to a higher one

Question 8

Atomic emission spectrum

Answer 8

shows the amount of energy emitted by an electron of a particular element when they return from an excited state to a ground state

Question 9

The quantum mechanical model shows that…

Answer 9

Electrons do not travel in defined orbits but are rather localized in orbitals

Question 10

Heinsenberg Uncertainty Principle

Answer 10

It is impossible to know both an electron’s position and its momentum exactly at the same time

Question 11

The principle quantum number n..

Answer 11

describes the average energy of a shell

Question 12

The azimuthal quantum number l

Answer 12

describes the subshells within a given energy principle energy level (s, p, d, f)

Question 13

Magnetic Quantum Number ml

Answer 13

specifies the particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is likely to be found at a given moment in time

Question 14

The spin quantum number ms

Answer 14

indicates the spin orientation +/- 1/2 of an electron in an orbital

Question 15

Electron configuration

Answer 15

shows the location of the electrons

Question 16

Hund’s Rule

Answer 16

subshells with multiple orbitals (p, d, and f) fill electrons so that every orbital in a subshell gets one electron before any of them gets another

Question 17

Paramagnetic material

Answer 17

have unpaired electrons that align with magnetic fields, attracting the material to a magnet

Question 18

Diamagnetic materials

Answer 18

have all paired electrons, which cannot easily be realigned

Question 19

Valence electrons

Answer 19

electrons in the outermost shell available for the interaction/bonding with the other atoms