General Bone Stuff

Question 1

osteopontin

Answer 1

acidic glycoprotein fxns to bridge bone cells and matrix; produced by osteoblasts, regulator of bone remodeling

Question 2

osteocalcin

Answer 2

produced by osteoblasts, odontoblasts, hypertrophic chondrocytes. Measurable in blood, marker of osteoblast activity, main non-collagenous hydroxyap binding protein.

Question 3

osteonectin

Answer 3

glycoprotein, binds calcium, secreted by osteoblasts during bone formation initiating mineralization and promoting mineral crystal formation

Question 4

sclerostin

Answer 4

hormone secreted by osteocytes that inhibits osteoblast activity in a paracrine manner.

Question 5

denosumab

Answer 5

Ab against RANKL used for osteoporosis inhibits osteoclasts

Question 6

odanacatib

Answer 6

Ab against cathepskin K (lysosomal E) inhibits osteoclasts. used for osteoporosis

Question 7

Ab to Dkk1 and sclerostin

Answer 7

inhibit osteoblasts. New options/possibilities for osteoporosis

Question 8

PTHrp

Answer 8

can help make stronger bones (anabolic bone hormone). New option for osteoporosis

Question 9

SQSTM1 gene mutation associated with

Answer 9

Pagets disease of bone - increases NFKB activity and therefore osteoclast activity

Question 10

3 phases of paget’s

Answer 10

osteolytic, mixed, osteosclerotic

Question 11

elevated serum alk phos, normal Ca and phosphorus

Answer 11

serum seen in Paget’s Disease of Bone

Question 12

accum of unmineralized matrix

Answer 12

rickets or osteomalacia

Question 13

increases RANKL expression on osteoblasts

Answer 13

PTH - this activates osteoclasts

Question 14

skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroid

Answer 14

osteoporosis, brown tumors and osteitis fibrosa cystica

Question 15

osteoclast activity in hyperparathyroid most prominent in

Answer 15

cortical bone

Question 16

increased bone cell activity, peritrabecular fibrosis, cystic brown tumors

Answer 16

generalized osteitis fibrosa cystica (aka von Recklinghausen disease of bone)

Question 17

normal values of Ca, Phos, ALP, PTH

Answer 17

osteoporosis

Question 18

normal but may have decreased serum Ca

Answer 18

osteopetrosis

Question 19

increased ALP, all other values normal

Answer 19

paget disease of bone

Question 20

decreased serum Ca, phos, increased ALP and PTH

Answer 20

osteomalacia/rickets

Question 21

increased serum Ca, phos, normal ALP, decreased PTH

Answer 21

Hypervitaminosis D (over supplementation or granulomatous disease)

Question 22

increased serum Ca, decreased phos, increased ALP and PTH

Answer 22

primary hyperparathyroidism (idiopathic or parathyroid hyperplasia, adenoma, carcinoma)

Question 23

decreased serum Ca, increased phos, increased ALP and PTH

Answer 23

secondary hyperparathyroidism (compensation for end stage renal disease - decreased phos excretion and Vit D activation)