General and Vitals

Question 1

SOAP

Answer 1

Subjective
Observation
Assessment
Plan

Question 2

IADL

Answer 2

Instruments of daily living

Question 3

Order of Assessment

Answer 3

Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation 
(except stomach IAPP to avoid stimulating peristalsis)

Question 4

Calculate BMI

Answer 4

weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Question 5

Average BMI

Answer 5

18.5-24.9

Question 6

Average Temperature

Answer 6

36C-37.5C
oral-most accurate
axillary-one degree less
rectal-one degree more

Question 7

Normal Pulse Range Newborn

Answer 7

70-190 bpm

Question 8

Normal Pulse Range Adult

Answer 8

60-100 bpm

Question 9

Stroke Volume

Answer 9

70mL of blood

Question 10

Normal adult respiration rate

Answer 10

10-20 breaths per minute

Question 11

Normal infant respiration rate

Answer 11

30-40 breaths per minute

Question 12

Physiological factors controlling blood pressure

Answer 12

1. peripheral vascular resistance and elasticity
2. volume and viscosity of circulating blood
3. cardiac output
4. elasticity of vessel walls

Question 13

Systole

Answer 13

force of contraction when heart actually pumps out blood

Question 14

Bradycardia

Answer 14

HR less than 60 bmp (unless athlete)

Question 15

Tachycardia

Answer 15

HR over 100 bpm

Question 16

Diastole

Answer 16

resting pressure in artery when heart is at rest

Question 17

Heart Damage from High BP

Answer 17

left ventricular hypertrophy

heart failure

Question 18

Brain damage from high BP

Answer 18

stroke or TIA

Question 19

Normal BP

Answer 19

120/80

Question 20

Prehypertension

Answer 20

120-139/ 80-90

Question 21

Hypertension, Stage I

Answer 21

140-159/ 90-99

Question 22

Hypertension, Stage II

Answer 22

> /=160/ >/=100

Question 23

Auscultatory gap

Answer 23

a silent interval that may be present between systolic and diastolic

Question 24

Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 24

drop in systolic pressure of more than 20mmHg and/or pulse increase of 20 bpm

Question 25

Diplopia

Answer 25

double vision

Question 26

Presbyopia

Answer 26

difficulty reading beginning in 40’s

not due to eye size, but to the lenses’ ability to accommodate

Question 27

Myopia

Answer 27

nearsighted

eye is too long relative to the refracting power

Question 28

Hyperopia

Answer 28

farsighted

eye is too short relative to the refracting power

Question 29

Bulbar conjunctiva

Answer 29

clear membrane of eye

covers the outer surface of the eye

Question 30

Palpebral conjunctiva

Answer 30

clear membrane that coats inside of eyelids
looks pink, but really is clear
if anemic, may be pale
if infected, may look red

Question 31

Meiosis of the pupil

Answer 31

very constricted
smaller than 3mm
infection of the iris, narcotic use, or paralysis of sympathetic nerves

Question 32

Mydriasis of pupil

Answer 32

abnormal dilation of the pupils

could be result of intracranial pressure

Question 33

Anisocoria

Answer 33

unequal pupils

could be congenital and normal, or could be abnormal

Question 34

Papilledema

Answer 34

inflammation of the optic disc from increased intracranial pressure
not intraoptical pressure
cloudy optic disc, no pulsations
emergency