General Flashcards
Which plasmodium is responsible for a chronic form of malaria?
P. Vivax
This is te deadliest form of plasmodium infection
P. Falciparum
Structural analog of quinine, and is effective against multi drug resistant cases of malaria
Mefloquine
This plasmodium prophylactic works by acting as an inhibitor of the dihydrofolate reductase enzyme
Pyrimethamine
Two drugs used to treat Rocky Mountain spited Fever.
Chloramphenicol and Doxycycline
Which type of cellular structure is found on saline preparations of bacterial vgainosis
Clue cells
Describe the look of the discharge associated with bacterial vaginitis, trichomonas vaginitis and Candida vaginitis
Thin, grayish discharge; frothy /green; curdy white
Term used for an exaggerated pulmonary response to te presence of aspergillus
Allergic pulmonary aspergillosis
This fungus is te cause of hepatic necrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic carcinoma
Aflatoxin
Fungus is the cause of a type of meningitis in AIDS patients
Cryptococcal meningitis
The chancre of primary syphilis typically appears this many days after contact
21 days after contact
Describe the shape associated with treponema Pallidum
Spiral shaped
vdRL and RPR evalúate the presence of this by product of treponema infection
Cardiolipin
Which rapid Dx test looks for non specific antibodies in the blood indicative of treponema pallidum infection
Rapid plasma regain (RPR)
Best Dx tool for syphilis?
FTA-abs
Name the 2 phases that result from trypanosoma brucei infection
Hemolytic phase (HA, fever, joint pain, pruritis) And neurologic phase (confusion, ataxia, sleep cycle disturbances)
Protozoa associated with wearing contact lenses for long time
Acantamoeba
Bacteria Causes of heart block
Legionella, Lyme disease, thryhoid fever, diphtheria, Chagas’ disease
What causes diarrhea in hospitalized patient?
Any antibiotic but usually clyndamycin has been associated with it.
Bilateral lower limb edema, fatigue, hepatic congestion, cyanosis, and increased JPv?
Right heart failure
Flaccid paralysis of bladder/rectum, impotence, saddle anesthesia?
Conus medullaris Syndrome
Impaired autonomic function, rare Neurological disorder, symptoms similar to Parkinson’s disease?
Shy dragged syndrome - multiple system atrophy
Infantile respiratory distress caused by pulmonary deficiency, results in hyaline membrane dosease?
Respiratory distress syndrome
Shooting pain down the posterior thigh/leg , decent vertebral disc herniation?
Sciatica
Crumpled or crinkled paper macrophages is characteristic histologically associated with this disease?
Gaucher’s disease
This enzyme if missing in cases of Gaucher’s disease?
Beta glucocerebrosidase
This is most severe type of Gaucher’s disease and is known as
Type 2– acute infantile neuropathic
This is the enzyme missing in GM1 gangliosidosis
Beta galacto sidase
This enzyme is missing in tay Sachs
Beta hexosaminidase A
This organism grows well in moist environments and appears as pink colonies to the naked eye
Serratia Marcencens
The presence of this factor provides serratia with resistance to many antiobiotics
r factor
Encapsulated organisms which may cause formation of multiple cerebral absesses early in life, has the ability to produce this type of acid
Citric acid (citrobater)
Describe oxidase characteristics of the bacteria with green pigment and fruity smell
Oxidase positive
This is most virulent bacterium
Shiguella
Leukocyte adhesion def is caused by genetic absence it
Cd18
Most unique finding in neonate with LEukocyte adhesion def
Late deparation of u,biblical cord
Three aa in maple serup
Leucine, valine, isoleucina
Enzyme def in maple syrup ds
Branched alpha keto acid dehydrogenase complex
Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a lysosomal storage ds caused by def In
Aryl sulfatase A
Two cells decreased in X linked SCId
T cells and Nk
Which type of recurring dermatological finding is characteristic of x linked scid
Eczema like rash
G6PD def leads to this def within red blood cells
nADPH
Most common chromosomal genotype in Klinefelter syndrome?
XXY, 47
Levels of FSH and LH in those with kilnefelter
Both are increased because there is no feedback on the hypothalamus and pituitary
Primary testicular failure in konefwkter occurs because of hyalinization of this structure
Seminiferous tubules
This is most common cardiac defect in di george
Tetralogy of fallot
Recurring viral and fungal infections in di George syndrome occur because of defect on this type of cell
T cells (no thymus)
2 unique characteristics in rbc are found on peripheral smear in those with G6PD def?
Heinz and bite cells (retivulosytosis is also somethingbyou see)
Mitochondrial disease leading to acute visual loss and disrupt of ETC
Lebers Hereditary opctic neuropathy
Syndrome characterized by a loss of mental and physical capabilities. And caused by mutation in SURf-1 gene
Leigh Syndrome - subacute necrotizing encephalopathy
Two fatal problems can result in the lungs and heart in those with Leigh Syndrome
Respiratory failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
This syndrome is charctaeizwd by presence of diseased mitochondria accumulation in the subsacrcolemma region of the muscle fibers as well as progressive myoclonic epilepsy
Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged fibers
Fragile x syndrome ha styis expansión of this triplet repeat on this gene
CGG on gene FMR1
Horseshoe kidney and shortened 4th metacarpals are characteristic of this monosomy
Turner syndrome
