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Chemistry > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the molecular formula?

A

The actual number of each atom in a molecule.

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1
Q

State the relative mass of a proton, neutron and electron.

A
  1. Proton - 1
  2. Neutron - 1
  3. Electron - 0.0005
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2
Q

How do impurities affect melting points and boiling points?

A
  1. Melting points decrease

2. Boiling points increase

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3
Q

What is the empirical formula?

A

The simplest ratio of atoms in a molecule.

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4
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

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5
Q

As molecular mass increases, what happens to the rate of diffusion?

A

It decreases.

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6
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The spreading out and intermingling of liquids and gases caused by the random movement of particles.

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7
Q

State the equation to calculate the number of moles.

A

Mass / Mr

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8
Q

What is avagadro’s number?

A

6.02 x 10^23

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9
Q

State the main property of noble gases.

A

They are very unreactive.

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10
Q

State a use of noble gases and give an example.

A

To provide an inert atmosphere
E.g. Helium in balloons
Argon in lamps

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11
Q

What are the products of complete combustion?

A

Carbon dioxide, water and lots of energy

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12
Q

State the equation for the volume of a gas (in dm^3) at rtp.

A

Number of moles x 24

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13
Q

What are radioisotopes used for? (3)

A
  1. Cancer treatment (cobalt 60)
  2. To check for leaks (tracers)
  3. Carbon dating
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14
Q

What do most nitrates thermally decompose into?

A

A metal oxide, oxygen and nitrogen dioxide

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15
Q

What do potassium and sodium nitrates thermally decompose into?

A

A metal nitrite and oxygyen

16
Q

How does the thermal decomposition of nitrates change as you go down the group?

A

It increases.

17
Q

What do most hydroxides thermally decompose into?

A

Metal oxide and water

18
Q

What do potassium and sodium hydroxides thermally decompose into?

A

They do not decompose.

19
Q

What do most carbonates decompose into?

A

Metal oxide and carbon dioxide.

20
Q

What do potassium and sodium carbonates thermally decompose into?

A

They do not.

Chemistry (7 decks)

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