Air and Water Flashcards
Name 3 uses of water in industry.
- As a solvent
- To cool tanks
- Washing
Name 3 uses of water in the home.
- Cooking
- Washing
- Drinking
Describe the composition of clean air.
79% nitrogen
20% oxygen
1% carbon dioxide, noble gases, water vapour
Name the 4 common pollutants of air.
- Carbon monoxide
- Sulfur dioxide
- Lead compounds
- Oxides of nitrogen
State the source of carbon monoxide.
Incomplete combustion of fuels
What are the 2 steps to purifying our water supply?
- Filtration
2. Chlorination
State the source of sulfur dioxide.
Combustion of fossil fuels.
State the source of nitrogen oxides.
Car exhausts.
State 4 sources of carbon dioxide.
- Complete combustion
- Respiration
- Acid + carbonate
- Thermal decomposition of carbonates
State the adverse effect of carbon monoxide on health.
Death from oxygen starvation.
State 2 sources of methane.
- Decomposition of vegetation
2. Waste gases from digestion in animals
Explain the presence of nitrogen oxides in car exhausts.
The hot environment makes the nitrogen and oxygen in the air react to form a mixture of nitrogen oxides.
How are nitrogen oxides removed from car exhausts?
A catalytic converter.
List 3 methods of rust prevention.
- Painting/covering in plastic/grease
- Sacrificial protection
- Galvanising
State the adverse effects of nitrogen oxides on health and buildings.
- Lung damage and breathing problems.
2. Acid rain which attacks stonework and buildings.
State the adverse effect of lead compounds on health.
Brain damage/behavioural problems.
How are nitrogen and oxygen separated in liquid air?
Fractional distillation
Describe the carbon cycle in simple terms.
Carbon dioxide is released by combustion and respiration.
Carbon dioxide is taken in by photosynthesis.
What are the 2 main greenhouses gases that contribute to climate change?
- Methane
2. Carbon dioxide
State the averse effect of sulfur dioxide on health and buildings.
- Health - causes lung damage and breathing problems
2. Buildings - dissolves in acid rain which attacks stonework and metal on buildings
