General

Question 1

Female Athlete Triad

Answer 1

anorexia athletica: Disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis

Question 2

Calcaneal stress fracture key exam finding

Answer 2

heel compression test: medial and lateral compression of the calc

Question 3

Talar neck blood supply

Answer 3

Posterior tibial artery: Deltoid branch is only remaining blood supply with displaced fx, also tarsal canal is dom. supply; ant. tib; perf. peroneal

Question 4

What to preserve in talar neck ORIF

Answer 4

deltoid ligament, due a medial mal osteotomy

Question 5

Pipkin classification for Femoral head fxs

Answer 5

Type I: Below fovea/ligamentum (nonweightbearing), Type 2: Above ligamentum, Type 3: 1/2 + FN fx, Type 4: 1/2 + acetabular fx

Question 6

Monteggia fracture

Answer 6

Proximal ulna fx + radial head dislocation

Question 7

Monteggia fracture radial head block to concentric reduction

Answer 7

Annular ligament interposition

Question 8

Bado Type 1 for Monteggia fxs

Answer 8

MCC in children, Ant. radial head dislocation. Proximal/middle third ulna fx

Question 9

Bado Type 2

Answer 9

MCC in adults, post. radial head dislocation, proximal/middle third ulna fx

Question 10

Bado Type 3

Answer 10

Ulnar metaphysis with lateral dislocation of radial head

Question 11

Bado Type 4

Answer 11

Ulna and radius proximal fxs with radial head dislocation in any direction

Question 12

Monteggia nerve injury

Answer 12

PIN injury

Question 13

PIN injury key signs

Answer 13

Radial deviation of hand with wrist extension, thumb extension, MCP extension

Question 14

PIN muscle innervation

Answer 14

ECRB, EDC, EDM, ECU, Supinator, APL, EPB, EPL, EI

Question 15

What determines monteggia radial head dislocation

Answer 15

Apex of the ulna fracture

Question 16

Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type I

Answer 16

Large osseous piece of capitellum, trochlea may be involved

Question 17

Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type II

Answer 17

Shear fx of articular cartilage, very little subchondral bone

Question 18

Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type III

Answer 18

Severely comminuted, multifragmentary

Question 19

Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type IV

Answer 19

Coronal shear fx of both capitellum and trochlea, look for ‘double arc’ sign

Question 20

Can you live alright without a capitellum

Answer 20

Yes, no valgus instability unless medial collateral ligament is injured

Question 21

In what ways are tibial IMNs better than nonop and not better

Answer 21

Heals faster, get better quicker, but no change on compartment syndrome

Question 22

Complications of antegrade femoral IMNs

Answer 22

Hip pain, abductor weakness, HO of abductors

Question 23

Differences between antegrade vs. retrograde femoral nails

Answer 23

Essentially where they feel the pain. Op time, healing, infection are all equal.

Question 24

Greater tuberosity fxs operative indication

Answer 24

If displacement >5 mm, especially in people who do overhead activities

Question 25

Humeral shaft fxs IMN vs ORIF

Answer 25

ORIF has fewer complication rates, otherwise they are pretty similar in efficacy

Question 26

Obturator Oblique mnemonic

Answer 26

POO POO (ilioPectineal line/Posterior wall) Obturator oblique