General Flashcards
Female Athlete Triad
anorexia athletica: Disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis
Calcaneal stress fracture key exam finding
heel compression test: medial and lateral compression of the calc
Talar neck blood supply
Posterior tibial artery: Deltoid branch is only remaining blood supply with displaced fx, also tarsal canal is dom. supply; ant. tib; perf. peroneal
What to preserve in talar neck ORIF
deltoid ligament, due a medial mal osteotomy
Pipkin classification for Femoral head fxs
Type I: Below fovea/ligamentum (nonweightbearing), Type 2: Above ligamentum, Type 3: 1/2 + FN fx, Type 4: 1/2 + acetabular fx
Monteggia fracture
Proximal ulna fx + radial head dislocation
Monteggia fracture radial head block to concentric reduction
Annular ligament interposition
Bado Type 1 for Monteggia fxs
MCC in children, Ant. radial head dislocation. Proximal/middle third ulna fx
Bado Type 2
MCC in adults, post. radial head dislocation, proximal/middle third ulna fx
Bado Type 3
Ulnar metaphysis with lateral dislocation of radial head
Bado Type 4
Ulna and radius proximal fxs with radial head dislocation in any direction
Monteggia nerve injury
PIN injury
PIN injury key signs
Radial deviation of hand with wrist extension, thumb extension, MCP extension
PIN muscle innervation
ECRB, EDC, EDM, ECU, Supinator, APL, EPB, EPL, EI
What determines monteggia radial head dislocation
Apex of the ulna fracture
Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type I
Large osseous piece of capitellum, trochlea may be involved
Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type II
Shear fx of articular cartilage, very little subchondral bone
Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type III
Severely comminuted, multifragmentary
Bryan and Morrey Classification of capitellum fxs Type IV
Coronal shear fx of both capitellum and trochlea, look for ‘double arc’ sign
Can you live alright without a capitellum
Yes, no valgus instability unless medial collateral ligament is injured
In what ways are tibial IMNs better than nonop and not better
Heals faster, get better quicker, but no change on compartment syndrome
Complications of antegrade femoral IMNs
Hip pain, abductor weakness, HO of abductors
Differences between antegrade vs. retrograde femoral nails
Essentially where they feel the pain. Op time, healing, infection are all equal.
Greater tuberosity fxs operative indication
If displacement >5 mm, especially in people who do overhead activities
