gene expression 1.3

Question 1

what is gene expression

Answer 1

the process of activating specific genes to produce a required protein

Question 2

what are the two steps in gene expression

Answer 2

transcrioptin

translation

Question 3

genes are expressed to produce what

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

are all genes in a cell expressed

Answer 4

no only a fraction are

Question 5

what types of rna does transcription and translation involve

Answer 5

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

Question 6

how many strands does RNA have

Answer 6

one

Question 7

what is rna composed of

Answer 7

ribose sugar
phosphate
a base

Question 8

what are the four bases of rna

Answer 8

cytosine
guanine
adenine
uracil

Question 9

what does messanger rna do

Answer 9

carries a copy of dna code from the nucleus to the ribosome

Question 10

mrna is …. in the nucleus and …. into proteins by ribosomes in the ….

Answer 10

transcribed
translated
cytoplasm

Question 11

what is each triplet of bases in the ribosome called and what does it code for

Answer 11

codon

amino acid

Question 12

what does trna do

Answer 12

carries a specific complimentary amino acid to the ribosome

Question 13

what does rrna do

Answer 13

form the ribosomes with proteins

Question 14

what does a trna molecule have

Answer 14

a triplet of bases called anticodons at one end and an attachment site for amino acids at another

Question 15

whats the role of rna polimerase in transcription

Answer 15

unwinds the double helix and breaks hydrogen bonds between bases

Question 16

what does rna polymerase synthesise

Answer 16

a primary transcript of mrna from rna nucleotides by complimentary base pairing

Question 17

what is uracil complimentary to

Answer 17

adenine

Question 18

what are the non coding and coding regions called

Answer 18

non coding introns

coding exons

Question 19

what are cut out from the primary transcript

Answer 19

introns

Question 20

what regions are joined together to form the marure transcript

Answer 20

exons

Question 21

is the order of exons changed during splicing

Answer 21

no

Question 22

what does fna splicing form

Answer 22

mature mrna transcript

Question 23

trna translates mrna into what at the ribosome

Answer 23

polypeptide

Question 24

what bonds join together the amino acids to form what

Answer 24

peptide bonds to form polypeptide

Question 25

different proteins can be expressed from the same gene as a result of

Answer 25

alternative rna splicing

Question 26

different mature mrna transcripts are formed depending on what

Answer 26

what exons are kept in

Question 27

protein held togwther by what

Answer 27

hydrogen bonds and other molecular interactions between amoino acids

Question 28

what does the shape of a protein determine

Answer 28

its function

Question 29

what di proteins determine

Answer 29

the phenotype of an organism

Question 30

what other factors influence phenotype

Answer 30

environmental