Gene Editing and Biotechnology Flashcards
What is genome sequencing? What is the benefit of sequencing someone’s cancer genome?
Decoding all of the genes in person’s genome providing them with a personalized therapeutic analysis to diseases such as cancer
How do cancer vaccines work?
a sample of genetic material is injected into a patient to stimulate immune system
What is CRISPR Cas9? How does it work?
A gene editing system that cuts segment of genetic material with help of guide RNA
Where did CRISPR Cas9 originate and how can it be used in medicine?
Originated in bacteria cells - can be used in T-Cell Therapy where they are engineered to detect proteins that are over expressed on cancer and destroy them
What are some of the limitations to CRISPR Cas9?
- Delivery: Getting Cas9 into cell
- Immune system response: Cas-9 is not part of human cell and could illicit an immune system response
- Selectivity: not 100% accurate and could potentially edit unintended genes
How far have CRISPR Cas9 based treatments gotten in their clinical trials?
It has progressed a lot but most are still in phase 1 and a split between 2 and 3 and exception of 1 being approved
What is the human genome project? How did it transform gene sequencing?
A massive, international, decades long project focused on decoding the entire human genome - massively increase the speed and accuracy of genome sequencing (from years to a day)
