Gender & Psychopathology WK 7 Flashcards
Research focusing on offspring of alcoholic parents has overwhelmingly focused on ______________
Fathers
Research examining offspring of depressed parents has focused on ____________
Mothers
___________ care was found to be a better predictor of adolescent anxiety & depressive symptoms, whereas __________ care was found to be a better predictor of adolescent delinquency
Paternal care; maternal care
In 3 studies examining adolescents & their parents, maternal internalizing symptoms (e.g. depressive symptoms) were assoc. w/adolescent probs (depressive symptoms, conduct probs, and academic probs) for _______ but NOT ________. what was a limitation to these studies?
girls; boys; All of these studies relied on the adolescent’ & parents’ self-reports of their symptom levels (clinical dxs were not assessed)
In a fam study of opioid and cocaine abusers, ________ depression but NOT _________ alcoholism was signif. related to psychopathology in the offspring. In contrast, _________ alcoholism but NOT _________ depression was signif assoc. w/offspring psychopathology
maternal; maternal; paternal; paternal
What were some limitations to the family study on opioid and cocaine abusers?
The data in this study were retrospective and the participants were not directly interviewed. Also, offspring gender wasn’t accounted for
_________ depression is more closely related to daughters’, but _________ depression is more closely assoc. w/sons’ depression.
maternal; paternal
According to the McCauley, what is Gilligan’s theory of human development (in relation to offspring, gender, and parental psychopathology)?
Development of the self for girls is closely tied to attachment and relationships w/others, whereas for boys it is linked to emotionally separating from others.
According to the McCauley, How does Gilligan’s theory of human development apply to family, gender, and psychopathology?
- Parents reward girls more for dependent and affectionate behavior than boys, whereas boys are rewarded more for instrumental/achievement-oriented and aggressive behavior.
- Girls may be more enmeshed w/the fam than boys, especially during adolescence
- Girls may be more vulnerable to fam distress
- Gore & colleagues found that adolescent girl’s higher interpersonal orientation and involvement were signif related to their depression lvls.
- Davies and windle found that fam discord was more consistently related to subsequent psych difficulties (e.g. delinquency, alcohol probs) for girls than boys during adolescence
Family distress & dysfunction maybe more strongly related to what kind of disorders for girls and what kind for boys?
internalizing & externalizing
According to Atwood, what are the 3 types of gender bias in families?
Devaluation, abuse without redress, & deprivation
According to Atwood, what is devaluation? Give an ex.
the woman perceives that she was less valued than a brother by her parents, eg. mom gets mad and says “i wish i had only sons”
According to Atwood, what is abuse w/out redress? Give an ex.
the woman reports that she was abused by a brother and perceived herself as unable to get redress from her parents. eg. brother assaults the daughter and the parents say “boys will be boys”
According to Atwood, what is deprivation? Give an ex.
the woman perceives herself to have been deprived of resources or privileges that a brother had. e.g. less freedom/independence for girls than boys at the equivalent age.
