Gender inequalities in social mobility Flashcards
what is social mobility?
- social mobility is the movement of individuals, families or households within or between social strata in a society
- for example, moving from the working class to the middle class would be an example of upward social mobility
what did Li (2011) say about the differences in social mobility experienced by men and women and women from different ethnicities?
-according to Li (2011) women are still less likely to be upwardly mobile and more likely to be downwardly mobile than men
what did Heath (2014) say about the differences in social mobility experienced by men and women and women from different ethnicities?
- Li (2014) noted the social mobility of black caribbean men was 40% and cinease women 50% were found to experience lower rates of upward mobility than black caribbean women 70% and chinease men 60%
- their study also showed that for second generation south asian groups in the UK, men had benefited more from upward occupational mobility than women
what did the 2014 gender gap report say about the differences in social mobility experienced by men and women and women from different ethnicities?
- the 2014 global gender gap report published by the world economic forum, which ranks countries according to how well they divide resources and opportunities among male and females, puts iceland, finland, norway and sweden at the top, with Britain lagging behind in 26th place
- of the four pillars used for assessment, the UK is ranked 33rd for political empowerment, 32nd for educational attainment, 46th for economic participation and opportunity and 94th for health and survival
- these figures have deteriorated since 2013
what did Savage (2011) say about the differences in social mobility experienced by men and women and women from different ethnicities?
-savage 2011 studied social mobility in the 2000s and found men were 40% more likely to climb the career ladder than women
what didresearch conducted bu the equality and human rights commission 2011 say about the differences in social mobility experienced by men and women and women from different ethnicities?
- thyr found a decrease in womens participation in ten sectors of emloyment, most of which is related to positions of high reward and/or status including:
- memnbers of the cabinet
- national assembly for wales
- public appointments
- local authority council leaders
- editors of national newspapers
- chairs of national arts bodies
- health service chief executives
what do contemporary sociologists say about the gender inequalities of social mobility?
- contemporary sociologists tend to believe that it is useful to make a multi dimensional approach when studying the experience of inequality
- doing so allows us to see the interplay between factors such as gender, social class, age and ethnicity to gain a more valid picture
- this was used in Lis 2011 study as they used a range of sources including census data the general household survey, the British household panel survey, the UK longditudinal household study and health surveys for engalnd to study trends in social mobility
what did Li 2011 find in their is social mobility really declining? study?
- Black african and black caribbean women have experienced a 15-20% fall in full time employment rates over the past decade while those for white women have remained stable
- 39% of bangladeshi women and 35% of bangladeshi men work part time double the levels of two decaades ago
- the rates of part time employment for chinease and indian men have doubled in the last 10 years
- 53% of self employed pakistani men work in the transport industry compared to 8% of the rest of the population
- surveys of young British muslim women have hilighted how employer discrimination has been significant barrier to employment for those who wear the hijab and niqab not withstanding their high levels of graduate and post graduate qualifications
