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Gender & Identity & Jobs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of the term “sex”?

A
  • male/female/intersex
  • determend by biological and physical characteristics
    (chromosomes XX or XY, hormones, (reproductive) anatomy and muscle mass, bone shape)
  • assigned at birth
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2
Q

What is the definition of the term “gender”?

A
  • man/ woman/*
  • social and cultural construct
    (Not biologically given, created by humans) -> everybody knows about it even if they don’t support the concept
  • roles, behaviors and expectations
  • shaped by cultural norms, traditions and personal identity
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3
Q

What are some gender stereotypes for a women?

A
  • less capable in leadership and STEM fields
  • is more emotional and sensitive
  • should priorities family over career
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4
Q

What are some gender stereotypes for a man?

A
  • should be strong and unemotional
  • are natural leaders and providors
  • are more logical and less nurturing
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5
Q

What is gender inequality ?

A
  • persisten discrimination against one group of people based upon gender and the stereotypes connected to it
  • mostly against women in workforce
  • mostly against men in lawsuits (more likely to be suspected to commit/ be guilty of a crime)
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6
Q

Why have issues of gender inequality become increasingly apparent ?

A
  • more diversity in our day to day life
    (higher percentage of well-educated women in the workforce)
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7
Q

What is the economic gap?

A

differences in salaries between the genders

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8
Q

What progress has been made ? (Right to vote)

A

Achievement: Women gained the right to vote
Obstacle: women remain underrepresented in politics and leadership roles

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9
Q

What progress has been made ? (Laws and legal protection)

A

Achievement: Laws provide protections against gender-based discrimination
Obstacles: gender pay gap, workplace bias, fewer promotions, unpaid labour expectations remain

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10
Q

What progress has been made ? (Gender representation & societal norms)

A

Achievement: More women in leadership roles (in companies, politicians e.g. Angela Merkel)
Obstacle: Persisting cultural biases, violence and sexual harassment

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11
Q

What can be done to make language gender-neutral?

A
  • Elimination of Gendered Terms in Professional & Public Communication (e.g. policeman -> police officer)
  • Use of Gender-Inclusive Pronouns (e.g. they/them singular)
  • Avoiding Unnecessary Gender Distinctions (e.g. Ladies and Gentleman -> everyone)
  • Inclusive Langugage in Laws & Politicies (e.g. recognize non-binary identities)
  • Gender-Neutral Options in Languages with Gendered Grammar (e.g. Latina/Latino - Latinex)
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12
Q

What is one reason for teenage political disengagement related to past events?

A

Afraid of past events like September 11

This fear contributes to a sense of insecurity among teenagers.

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13
Q

What is a consequence of unsuccessful and never-ending wars on teenagers?

A

It contributes to political disengagement

Teenagers may feel disillusioned by the outcomes of these conflicts.

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14
Q

How does the financial system’s state affect teenage political engagement?

A

Financial system collapsing leads to disengagement

Teenagers may feel hopeless about their economic future.

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15
Q

What role does dysfunctional politics play in teenage political interest?

A

It contributes to feelings of disengagement

Teens may see politics as ineffective or corrupt.

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16
Q

What is one aspect of the Republic Party that affects teenage engagement?

A

Radicalization of the Republic Party

This can alienate teenagers from traditional political structures.

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17
Q

What is a poorly designed policy that contributes to teenage political disengagement?

A

Policies that do not address youth concerns effectively

Such policies can lead to a sense of neglect among young people.

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18
Q

What financial burden is mentioned as a reason for disengagement?

A

Student debt

The burden of student loans can lead to feelings of hopelessness.

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19
Q

What environmental issue contributes to teenagers giving up on political engagement?

A

Climate change

Many teens feel their future is bleak due to climate crises.

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20
Q

What is one proposed solution to combat teenage political disengagement?

A

Showing empathy

Empathy can help young people feel understood and valued.

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21
Q

What is a suggested way to make teenagers aware of political crises?

A

Making clear that our crises are being shouldered by allies of all ages

This can foster a sense of solidarity and collective action.

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22
Q

What should be stopped to help engage teenagers politically?

A

Stop gaslighting

Gaslighting can undermine trust and discourage participation.

23
Q

What is one method suggested for teaching teenagers to engage politically?

A

Teach them how to fight back and organize demonstrations

This empowers youth to take action on issues they care about.

24
Q

What is a proposed change to voting laws to increase youth engagement?

A

Lowering the voting age

This may encourage younger individuals to participate in politics.

25
What is an important aspect of addressing teenage political disengagement?
Political education ## Footnote Educating youth about political systems can empower them to engage.
26
What is one solution for raising political engagement among teenagers?
Raise their interest in political issues ## Footnote Increased interest can lead to greater participation and activism.
27
What is the trend regarding German youth's interest in politics?
German youth is more interested in the world around them and louder about it than past generations ## Footnote This reflects a significant shift in political engagement among young people.
28
What did the 'Shell Jugend Studie' of 2015 reveal about youth interest in politics?
The number of young people interested in politics has risen by 11% from 2002 to 2015 (30% in 2002, 41% in 2015) ## Footnote This study highlights a growing political engagement among German youth.
29
How has voting participation among young people in Germany changed?
Voting participation has risen ## Footnote This indicates a greater civic engagement among the youth.
30
Which political party has gained the most support among under 30-year-olds in Germany?
Die grünen ## Footnote This party is referred to as the most successful among younger voters.
31
What historical group is compared to the current youth political engagement in Germany?
Die Jungen Wilden der 1968er Jahre ## Footnote This group questioned the values of the post-war period, similar to how today's youth are reshaping political values.
32
What impact has the current youth generation had on the political scene?
They shake up the political scene, create new values, and set their own agenda ## Footnote This indicates a significant shift in political discourse and priorities.
33
What issue is noted regarding young participants in the Bundestag?
There are barely any young participants in the Bundestag ## Footnote This highlights a gap between youth engagement and representation in government.
34
What are political parties in Germany struggling with regarding the youth?
Parties are not familiar with new influences like content creators ## Footnote This suggests a disconnect between traditional political structures and modern forms of engagement.
35
How do young people engage in politics differently than before?
Young people haven't become disengaged; they simply engage differently (e.g. social media) ## Footnote This reflects a change in political participation methods rather than a lack of interest.
36
What qualities do young people want to see in politicians?
They want to see passionate politicians and those who participate on social media ## Footnote This indicates a demand for authenticity and relatability in political representation.
37
What are the monst commonly favoured options for a gap year?
- backpacking - volunteering - Internship (all abroad)
38
What are reasons why young people do a gap year between high school and uni?
- can deepen their **practical, personal and professional awareness** - can **improve employability** by teaching soft skills and boosting the CV - better grasp of **what they want to study** - they can **earn money** to pay for their education - to **bridge** different stages of life
39
What is the key for a successful gap year ?
- careful **planning and structure** - making it a rewarding experience at any age
40
Why would older professionals take a gap year ?
they will return with **renewed energy and perspective** to their former jobs
41
What is the difference between german University and Uni in the US?
- Germany: public uni system is enterly based on **public fundings** (students pay no tuition) - US: access to higher education and **affordability** are becoming an increasing problem for students (college attainment gap)
42
What is a college attainment gap?
- the **wealthiest** are almost certain to get a university degree - only 50% of students from the **poorest** families apply for college
43
Where else (other than the US) is student dept a problem?
- UK: there is a **limit** to what unis can charge for a single year but 3/4 of Unis are **already at max** - average UK student leaves uni with a student loan of over **£35.000 to repay**
44
What is the primary sector ?
natural **resources or raw materials** (mining, agriculture)
45
What is the secondary sector ?
manufactures **products or goods**
46
What is the tertiary sector ?
companies that provide **services** (banks, insurance firms)
47
What is the problem of Globalisation ?
**relocation** of production lines to low-cost countries have made blue-collar workers most **vulnerable to unemployment**
48
What are white-collar workers ?
- employed at an **office** - most require **degrees** - tend to be **paid better** than blue-collar workers
49
What are Blue-collar workers ?
- work in various **non-office settings** (construction sites or assembly lines) - manual labour
50
What is "automation" ?
Use of machines to carry out processes that **run on their own** without human intervention (Tech used in **assembly lines** that reduces the number of people required to build a car)
51
What are the goals of automation ?
- to **simplify** human activities - **reduce** costs - to make production **faster**, more accurate and increasingly reliable
52
Has automation been successful?
- has helped humans to **optimise their industrial activities** by getting rid of the most monotonous tasks to focus on the essential ones - claims that **assists** the workers without replacing them
53
What are problems caused by automation ?
- need to **re-skill** has risen for many - a college degree is **no longer a guarantee of finding work** - expected to cause the **number of available jobs to lesson** over time
54
What sector is automation part of ?
- generally reserved for the **production sector** - it is leaking into the **business sector** (digitalisation) - goal: increasing **profit and efficiency** - mostly used to **collect and analyse data**

Englisch (19 decks)

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