Gender - external factors (FEAF)

Question 1

What does FEAF stand for?

Answer 1

Feminism
Employment
Ambition
Family

Question 2

What feminist movement challenged the stereotypes of women being inferior and a housewife?

Answer 2

WOMEN’S LIBERATION MOVEMENT (1960s)

Question 3

What did Feminisim increase for the individual women?

Answer 3

self-esteem and rights

Question 4

How did McROBBIE say the change in media helped to challenge stereotypes?

Answer 4

in the 70s, magazines and media emphasised the need to get married and not left on the shelf.

Media changed to value assertive, independent women as means for a more meaningful future after girls leave school (career)

Question 5

How much did the gender pay fall since the 70s?

Answer 5

from 30% to 17%

Question 6

How much has women in employment risen by 2007?

Answer 6

47% - 70%

Question 7

What had risen from 47% - 70% by 2007?

Answer 7

women in employment

Question 8

What was introduced so that it was now illegal to pay women less than men for the same job?

Answer 8

1970 Equal Pay Act

Question 9

What was introduced to outlaw sex discrimination at work

Answer 9

The 1975 Sex Discrimination Act

Question 10

What did the 1975 Sex Discrimination Act do?

Answer 10

outlawed sex discrimination at work

Question 11

What are women now doing because of the introduction of laws which helped introduce gender equality in the workplace?

Answer 11

Women are breaking through the glass ceiling, which had previously kept them out of high level professional work

Question 12

What are 2 policies that were introduced to help introduce gender equality in employment?

Answer 12

1970s Equal Pay Act & 1975 Sex Discrimination Act

Question 13

What did SHARPE’s 2 interviews in the 70s and 90s find about the change in womens’ ambition?

Answer 13

70s ambitions ranked:
- family centred
- love/marriage
- children
- educational ambition seen as unattractive

90s ambitions ranked:
- careers
- independence as a women
- financial stability

Question 14

What did FULLER find about the ambitions of her 11 w/c black girls?

Answer 14

their ambition was tied to educational success - they believed in meritocracy. this was a major part of their identity

Question 15

EVALUATION: why might w/c girls aspire for less according to BIGGART?

Answer 15

w/c girls are likely to experience instability in the labour market so they aspire for something more reasonable like motherhood.

Question 16

EVALUATION: what can affect the ambition of girls as well as the media and what’s trending according to REAY?

Answer 16

CLASS! this can really affect ambition for w/c girls who finds achieveing a m/c work position to out of reach (cost, stereotypes and etc). They can only find SYMBOLIC CAPITAL out of family life

Question 17

Who says that class can really affect ambition for w/c girls who finds achieveing a m/c work position to out of reach?

Answer 17

REAY

Question 18

Who says w/c girls aspire for less because they are likely to experience instability in the labour market so they aspire for something more reasonable like motherhood?

Answer 18

BIGGART

Question 19

What 4 things have increased since the 1970s in the family?

Answer 19

1) divorce rates
2) cohabitation
3) lone parent families
4) smaller families

Question 20

What does BECKER say the increase in divorce rates has caused?

Answer 20

more uncertainty in relationships = there is more individualism and economic independence

Question 21

Who said that the increase in divorce rates has caused more uncertainty in relationships = there is more individualism and economic independence?

Answer 21

BECKER

Question 22

What positive factor has more female lone parents caused?

Answer 22

girls also strive to be financially independent as their own breadwinner