Class - external factors

Question 1

What is material deprivation?

Answer 1

this refers to poverty and a lack of material necessities such as
adequate housing and income.

Question 2

What are th 3 factors affecting material deprivation?

Answer 2

1. housing
2. diet and health
3. material

Question 3

According to the department of education, how many pupils eligible for FSM receive 5 or more GCSEs at A*-C?

Answer 3

barely 1/3

Question 4

How can poor housing affect pupils’ achievement whether directly or indirectly?

Answer 4

if there is overcrowding, this can mean less space for educational activities

Question 5

What did BULL find about how financial problems can affect pupils’ achievement?

Answer 5

w/c pupils miss out on enriching experiences with devices that benefit m/c pupil (ipads, laptops, tutoring and etc)

Question 6

Who found that financial problems means that w/c pupils miss out on enriching experiences with devices that benefit m/c pupils?

Answer 6

BULL

Question 7

What did HOWARD find about how diet and health can affect pupils’ achievement?

Answer 7

students from poorer homes have lower vitamin and energy intake = more illness = more absence = fall behind

Question 8

Who found that students from poorer homes have lower vitamin and energy intake = more illness = more absence = fall behind?

Answer 8

HOWARD

Question 9

What is cultural deprivation?

Answer 9

When lower classes have inferior norms, values, skills, and knowledge to the higher classes

Question 10

What are the 2 speech codes and what do they mean?

Answer 10

ELABORATE:
- m/c
- detailed language
- specific vocabulary

RESTRICTED:
- w/c
- limited
- less grammatical

Question 11

Who came up with the 2 speech codes?

Answer 11

BERNSTEIN

Question 12

How did ENGLEMANN ET AL find that w/c families communicate?

Answer 12

in gestures and single words (disadvantaged)

Question 13

Who found that w/c families communicate in gestures and single words (disadvantaged)?

Answer 13

ENGLEMANN ET AL

Question 14

What did HOBBS TAIT ET AL find that increases cognitive performance?

Answer 14

language that challenges children to evaluate their understanding (eg. asking children why? what do they mean?)

Question 15

Who said that language that challenges children to evaluate their understanding (eg. asking children why? what do they mean?) increases cognitive performance?

Answer 15

HOBBS TAIT ET AL

Question 16

EVALUATION: what is a criticism for cultural deprivation according to VEDDIE?

Answer 16

cultural deprivation is a myth and used for victim blaming

Question 17

EVALUATION: why don’t most pupils have an elaborate speech code?

Answer 17

schools fail to teach pupils an elaborate speech code

Question 18

What do educated m/c parents do that help their child to succeed according to FEINSTEIN?

Answer 18

praise

Question 19

Who said that educated m/c parents praise their child which helps them to succeed?

Answer 19

FEINSTEIN

Question 20

How does w/c parental attitudes negatively affect their child’s achievement (what do they teach them)?

Answer 20

• immediate gratification
• luck
• collectivism

Question 21

How does m/c parental attitudes positively affect their child’s achievement (what do they teach them)?

Answer 21

• deferred gratification
• meritocracy
• individualism

Question 22

Why does DOUGLAS think parental attitudes is the reason why w/c pupils underachieve and m/c overachieve?

Answer 22

w/c parents place less value on education

m/c parents are more involved academically (eg. parent evening)

Question 23

What does habitus mean?

Answer 23

when each class has their own culture made up of:
- knowledge
- taste
- values
- language/speech

Question 24

What is cultural capital?

Answer 24

the knowledge, attitudes, values, language, tastes and abilities
of the middle class.

Question 25

What is symbolic violence?

Answer 25

When the w/c habitus/culture is devalued and unappreciated so they get no status

Question 26

What does symbolic violence cause?

Answer 26

an increase in anti-school subcultures

Question 27

Why do m/c pupils do better in school according to BOURDIEU?

Answer 27

m/c pupils have the same habitus as schools so they gain symbolic capital (status) which encourages achievement

Question 28

What is symbolic capital?

Answer 28

Status and recognition