Gender Differences In Education Flashcards
What did McRobbies study into girls magazines reveal?
Previously magazines talked about the danger of being left on the shelf however now they show images of powerful, independent assertive women.
What are some changes in the family that be happened since the 1970’s?
Increase in divorce rate
Increase in cohabitation
Decrease in the number of first marriages
Increase in the number of lone parent families
Smaller families
What has lead to a change in women’s employment?
How have girls ambitions changed?
1970s equal pay act made it illegal to pay woman less than men
Since 1975 pay gap has gone from 30% to 15%
Sharpes research shows girls now dream of Pershing careers rather than being housewives.
What does Reay argue about the different ambitions of girls from different classes?
She says that working class girls still aspire to work part time and have children.
What are some internal factors affecting gender difference in achievement?
Equal opportunities policies Positive role models in schools GCSE and coursework Teacher attention Challenging stereotypes in the curriculum Selection and league tables
Boer sees equal opportunities policies as a key reason for changes in girls achievement name some of these:
How did Jane and French find teacher attention between the sexes differed?
GIST (Girls into science and technology)
WISE (Women into science and engineering)
Jane and French found boys received more negative attention.
How does Weiner say the curriculum challenges stereotypes?
What sociologist argues the introduction of exam league tables has improved opportunities for girls?
Removing sexist images from textbooks.
Jackson.
What does Archer believe have working class girls symbolic capital?
What is a hyper heterosexual feminine identity?
Adopting a hyper here’s sexual feminine identity, having a boyfriend,
& being loud.
Wearing makeup jewellery unisex sports ware.
What’re some external factors that may influence gender differences in achievement?
The impact of feminism
Changes in the family
Changes in women’s employment
Girls changing ambitions.
According to the DCSF what is the gender gap mainly due to?
What sociologist believes boys fall behind due to the feminisation of education?
Boys poorer literacy skills.
Sewell who says education has become feminised as it no longer nurtures masculine traits.
Why do some sociologists argue the shortage of male primary school teachers has contributed to underachievement?
Lack of male role models.
Francis questioned whether more male teachers are really needed using what findings?
What sociologists believe boys do worse in school because of laddish subcultures?
2/3 of 7-8 year olds believed the gender of teachers doesn’t matter.
Debbie Epstein, Becky Francis, Mac an Ghail and Willis.
What’s the proportion of girls that take A level physics?
What’re some explanations for gender difference in subject choice?
20%.
Gender role socialisation Gender domains Gendered subject image Single sex schooling Peer pressure Gendered career oppertunities Gender vocational choice and class
What sociologist showed that teachers encourage boys to be tough?
Why does Kelly argue science is seen as a boys subject?
Byrne.
Science teachers are more likely to be men.
The examples teachers use often draw on boys interests.
In science lessons boys monopolise apparatus.
What sociologist found that in pupils from single sex schools pick less gendered subjects?
What sociologist found that girls work experience streered them to traditional women’s jobs?
Leonard.
Fuller.
