Gender and Culture Bias

Question 1

what is Gender Bias

Answer 1

Gender bias is the lack of understanding between genders by psychologists

Question 2

Androcentrism

Answer 2

The man’s behavior is the norm and any deviation by the woman is deemed abnormal

Question 3

Alpha Bias

Answer 3

When differences between men and women are exaggerated

Question 4

Beta Bias

Answer 4

When differences between men and women are ignored- e.g., in Asch and Milgram when findings were just generalized

Question 5

Feminist viewpoint

Answer 5

It is a good thing women can be now used in meaningful research which may challenge stereotypes

Question 6

Freuds study

Answer 6

Said that women have a lower moral development than men which may further impact views on women

Question 7

Reflexivity

Answer 7

The self-reflection- seen as a good thing in gender bias because researchers can reflect on their own bias and then further shape their research upon that- personally shape it for future

Question 8

Underrepresented females in university departments

Answer 8

Although in the psychology department in particular there is more female students, there is more male lectures, this could lead to alpha bias.
A counterpoint to this would be there is a rise in female psychologists such as Loftus and Ainsworth

Question 9

Unpublished Research when it comes to gender bias

Answer 9

A limitation would be research on gender bias is not funded enough. This means that scholars are less aware and less published about gender bias

Question 10

Joel

Answer 10

Brains scans show no difference in the brain between men and women
counterpoint- does not mean psychologists should stop studying the brain as long as biological differences are not exaggerated and other factors such as socialization or stereotyping

Question 11

Maccoby and Jacklin

Answer 11

Suggest that woman have more verbal and men more spatial.

Question 12

What is culture bias?

Answer 12

When other cultures are failed to be considered in research

Question 13

Cultural Relativism

Answer 13

All can be understood if viewed at different cultural standpoints

Question 14

Ethnocentrism

Answer 14

The belief that one’s culture is better than other leads to alpha and beta bias

Question 15

Universality

Answer 15

Aim to find common themes between all cultures so can be generalized

Question 16

A03= Gould IQ

Answer 16

One limitation is Goulds IQ test for the American army leads to discrimination because Westernized questions lead to African Americans coming out at the lower end- causing racism and assumptions towards them

Question 17

a03= Sampling Problems when it comes to cultural bias

Answer 17

-shown that 67% of participants are American psychology students across studies.
- an American is shown to be 4000 times more likely to be picked than a random non westerner
-Not valid on a worldwide scale

Question 17

Sampling Problems when it comes to cultural bias

Answer 17

-shown that 67% of participants are American psychology students across studies.
- an American is shown to be 4000 times more likely to be picked than a random non westerner
-Not valid on a worldwide scale

Question 18

Relativism vs Universality

Answer 18

• Cross cultural research has allowed us to understand different cultures more. It is beneficial to acknowledge that individualist views are social and not biological
  -for example, interactional synchrony is universal, but child rearing practices measure attachment

Question 19

Globalization

Answer 19

Are collectiveness cultures even collectivist anymore?

Question 20

Underrepresented

Answer 20

Aggression is favored in Amazon tribe but negative in western culture, marginalize the different cultures in the world. Cannot generalise

Question 21

Shaped by culture (cohen)

Answer 21

The emergence of new social sciences such as Sociology, Anthropology and politics to debate on different cultural experiences across the board