Gender

Question 1

Trends shown by statistics relating to gender

Answer 1

statistics have shown that girls now outperform boys in educational attainment

Question 2

Girls external factors

Answer 2

IMAPCT OF FEMINISATION
CHANGES IN WOMEN EMPLOYMENT
CHANGES IN WOMENS AMBITION

Question 3

Girls internal factors

Answer 3

GCSE AND COURSEWORK
EQUAL OPPURTINITY POLICY
POSITIVE ROLE MODELS
TEACHER ATTENTION

Question 4

define impact of feminism

Answer 4

McRobbie studied girls magazines and found that in the 1970s, they emphasised the importance of getting married. nowadays its the opposite
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Question 5

define changes in womens employnet

Answer 5

Changes in the law have improved the position of working women, for example the Equal Pay Act (1970) and the Sex Discrimination Act (1975).

Question 6

define changing girls ambition

Answer 6

Sharpe interviewed girls and found that their ambitions in the 1970s were to marry and have children, and saw their future in terms of a domestic role. However, in the 1990s, the girls priorities had changed to careers and wanting to be independent.

Question 7

Define GCSE and coursework

Answer 7

Mitos and Brown found that girls do better than boys in coursework because they are more conscientious and better organised

Gorad found that the gender gap in achievement increased sharply when GCSE was introduced in 1988.

Question 8

Define equal opportunites

Answer 8

GIST and WISE programmes to encourage girls into science and technology.
National curriculum - girls and boys largely study the same subject

Question 9

Define role models

Answer 9

There are more female teachers, which feminises the learning environment and encourages girls to see school as part of a ‘female gender domain’.

Question 10

define teacher attention

Answer 10

Swann found that boys dominate class discussions, whereas girls are better at listening and cooperating. Teachers respond more positively to girls and give them more encouragement.

Question 11

Boys external factors

Answer 11

BOYS LITERACY
DECLINE IN MANUAL LABOUR

Question 12

Boys internal factors

Answer 12

FEMINISATION OF SCHOOLING
LADDISH SUBCULTURES

Question 13

Define Laddish subcultures

Answer 13

There is peer-pressure on boys to demonstrate their masculinity by being ‘anti-school’.

Question 14

define the feminisation of education

Answer 14

oys fall behind because education has been ‘feminised’, meaning schools no longer nurture masculine traits.
The introduction of coursework has disadvantages boys.
Lack of male primary school teachers - only 1 in 6 primary school teachers are male.

Question 15

define boys literacy

Answer 15

arents spend less time reading to sons because it is seen as a ‘feminine’ activity.

Question 16

define

define decline in manual labour

Answer 16

Globalisation had led to the decline in heavy industries (eg. shipbuilding, mining and manufacturing) in the UK. This has led to a male ‘identity crisis’, giving them little motivation to get qualifications for a job