Ethnicity

Question 1

The 4 external factors

Answer 1

linguistic skills
family structures
attitudes and values
material deprevation

Question 2

What do trends in statistics show?

Answer 2

Chinese pupils achieve the best n education wheas black carribean and gypsy roma students tend to fall behind

Question 3

Linguistic Skills

Answer 3

Bereiter and Engelmann state that the black Caribbean language is ungrammatical and disjointed, which means they cannot convey abstract ideas.

Question 4

Family Sturcutes

Answer 4

Moynihan found that many black families are headed by a lone mother, leading to lower achievement of black boys due to how they do not have a male role model.

Question 5

Attitudes and Value

Answer 5

Some sociologists argue that some black pupils have a fatalistic outlook on life, meaning they want immediate gratification and have limited motivation to achieve in the long term.

Question 6

MATERIAL DEPRIVATION

Answer 6

Many minority ethnic groups are victims of racism in wider society, subsequently they face direct or indirect discrimination at work or in the housing market, and in turn, they may be in low paid jobs or unemployed.

Question 7

What are the internal factors?

Answer 7

Labelling, pupil subcultures and the ethnocentric CURRICULUM

Question 8

labelling: black pupils

Answer 8

illborn and Youdell found that teachers had racialised expectations of black pupils and expected more discipline problems and saw their behaviour as threatening.
Mirza found that black girls’ strategies for dealing with teacher racism still disadvantaged them. For instance, they would not ask for help.

Question 9

labelling : Asian pupils

Answer 9

Wright found that Asian primary school pupils were stereotyped and treated differently

Question 10

PUPIL SUBCULTURES:Sewell responses to teachers racist labelling:

Answer 10

CONFORMISTS: keen to succeed, accepted the school’s goals.
INNOVATORS: pro-education, but anti-school. Valued success, but not teacher’s approval.
REATRETS: disconnected from the school and black subcultures outside of it.
REBELS: rejected the school’s goals, and conformed to the stereotype of the ‘black macho lad’.

Question 11

ETHNOCENTRIC CURRICULUM

Answer 11

Troyna and Williams state that the British curriculum prioritises white culture and the English language, for example through holidays in line with the Christian calendar, and a focus on white leaders in History.