Gender

Question 1

SEX vs Gender

Answer 1

Sex= Traditionally refers to biological qualities. It is associated with physical and physiological features (e.g., chromosomes, genes, hormones, anatomy). While typically categorized as male or female, there can be variations in biological attributes.

Gender=Refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expectations and identities that are learned, and typically institutionalized in society. Traditionally largely binary (girl/woman; boy/man), increasingly over time recognized that these exist along a continuum and can change.

Question 2

3 fundamental ‘taken-for-granted’ assumptions about gender have

Answer 2

Gender is traditionally presented as binary (2 categories: male & female)

These 2 genders have typically perform different functions in society

The dominant positions have generally been held by males

Question 3

Patriarchy vs feminisn

Answer 3

Patriarchy: A hierarchical system of social organization in which cultural, political and economic structures are largely controlled by men
Feminism: has historically been a response to the hierarchical system of patriarchy and ideologies that accompany it

Question 4

Marco level Gender stratification: public sphere’ & the ‘private sphere’

Answer 4

Public = the market, economic institutions, the state
Private = the personal (or home/domestic)

Question 5

Public sphere:

Private sphere:

Answer 5

Public= productive
Private= reproductive

Question 6

Sexual Division of Labour;

Answer 6

Refers to traditional dominant divisions between genders, by which each has been historically and typically situated in certain types of work/labour.
(happens in both spheres)
(Division starts to blur with more modern times)

Question 7

Gender in the Public/Productive Sphere

Answer 7

Gender Patterns – clear historic sexual division of labour (re: occupations)
Male & Female-dominated occupations

Question 8

Gender in Private/Reproductive Sphere

Answer 8

Gender Patterns in the domestic realm (household gendered relations)
Sexual Division of Labour (in terms of domestic labour)

Question 9

Micro-level gender stratification: Attention giving

Answer 9

how attention is given and received in conversations

Question 10

2 Analytic Categories in attention giving responses

Answer 10

“Shift-Response”
(more typical in members of dominant groups)

“Support-Response”
(more typical in members of subordinate groups)

Question 11

Structural function and Gender Stratification

Answer 11

• gender serves as a means to organize social life.
• gender plays an important part in socialization.
• gender integrates society both structurally (in terms of what we do) and morally (in terms of what we believe).-

Question 12

Symbolic interaction and Gender Stratification

Answer 12

-patterns of everyday social interaction reflect our society’s gender stratification. Everyday interaction also helps reinforce this inequality.
gender shapes the everyday face-to-face interactions of individuals.

Question 13

Social-Conflict Theory and Gender Stratification:

Answer 13

• gender is a structural system of power that provides privilege to some and disadvantage to others.
• creates division and tension, with men seeking to protect their privileges as women challenge the status quo