GENBIO: Roots Flashcards
2 main types of roots
Taproots and Fibrous roots
Roots which are mainly found in dicots
Taproots
Roots which are mainly found in monocots
Fibrous roots
Primary root that is lengthy and bulky in some plants.
Taproot
Example of a taproot
Carrot
These roots branch to such an extent that no single root grows larger than the rest.
They are found in grasses
Fibrous roots
It has an outside layer, the epidermis, and a central cylinder of vascular tissue. Between these two tissues lies a large area of ground tissue.
Mature root
It plays a key role in water and mineral support.
Root system
Cellular projections that covers the root’s surface.
They can provide a large surface area through which water can enter the plant.
Root hairs
It protects the root and absorbs water.
Epidermis
A layer of ground tissue inside the epidermis.
Cortex
Another layer of cells to which the cortex extends.
It completely encloses the vascular cylinder.
Endodermis
The central region of a root that includes the xylem and phloem.
Vascular cylinder
It produces new cells near the root tip so the roots grow in length.
Apical meristem
It covers the new cells and protects the root as it forces its way through the soil.
Root cap
